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Legal Parent vs. Biological Parent Rights
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Definition of Legal Parent
A legal parent is someone recognized by the law as having the rights and responsibilities of parenthood, regardless of biological connection.
Definition of Biological Parent
A biological parent is an individual who has contributed genetic material through birth or insemination resulting in a child.
Adoption and Parental Rights
Adoption transfers all legal parental rights from the biological parents to the adoptive parents, who then become the child's legal parents.
Surrogacy and Parental Rights
In surrogacy arrangements, the surrogate mother may be the biological parent, but legal parenthood is often predetermined through legal agreements in favor of the intended parents.
Donor Conception and Parental Rights
Sperm and egg donors typically relinquish all parental rights, and legal parenthood is established with the individuals intending to raise the child.
Child Custody and Parental Rights
Legal parents have the right to seek custody and make decisions regarding their child's welfare, which may not be the case for biological parents without legal status.
Child Support and Parental Responsibility
Legal parents are required to provide financial support for their children; this could include biological parents if they have legal status as well.
Guardianship vs. Parental Rights
Guardianship grants an individual a duty to care for a child, but does not necessarily remove the rights of the legal or biological parents.
Termination of Parental Rights
Parental rights can be voluntarily or involuntarily terminated, affecting both legal and biological parents, usually in the context of adoption or child welfare cases.
Step-Parent Legal Rights
Step-parents may gain certain legal rights through marriage to a biological parent, but without adoption, they generally do not have the full legal rights of a parent.
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