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Juvenile Delinquency and Dependency Proceedings
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Delinquency
Criminal behavior committed by a minor.
Dependency
A legal status of a minor under the supervision of the court, usually because of neglect or abuse by the parents.
Status Offense
An action that is prohibited only to a certain class of people, and most often applied to offenses only illegal when committed by juveniles.
Adjudication
The legal process by which a judge reviews evidence and arguments to make a decision regarding the juvenile.
Disposition
The final decision in a juvenile case, equivalent to sentencing in adult court, which may include probation, community service, or placement in a juvenile facility.
Diversion
A strategy of directing juvenile offenders away from formal processing in the juvenile justice system, often into alternative programs.
Detention
The temporary custody of a juvenile while awaiting trial or a court decision, can be in a juvenile detention center.
Guardian ad Litem
A court-appointed guardian to represent the best interests of the child in legal proceedings.
Juvenile Petition
A document filed in juvenile court alleging that a juvenile is a delinquent or a dependent and asking that the court assume jurisdiction over the juvenile.
Parens Patriae
The principle that the state has a duty to protect the rights and welfare of children and may intervene in their behalf.
Juvenile Hall
A facility for the temporary detention of juveniles who are accused of conduct subject to court jurisdiction.
Juvenile Probation
A period of supervision over an offender, ordered by the court instead of serving time in prison or a juvenile detention center.
Aftercare
Supervision following release from a juvenile facility, similar to parole in the adult system.
Juvenile Waiver
A legal procedure by which a juvenile court waives its jurisdiction and transfers a juvenile case to the adult criminal court system.
Blended Sentencing
A sentencing option that allows a juvenile to be given a juvenile disposition and an adult criminal sentence at the same time.
Detention Hearing
A hearing to determine if a juvenile should be released to their parents or guardian or kept in custody pending further court actions.
Restorative Justice
A system of criminal justice focusing on the rehabilitation of offenders through reconciliation with victims and the community.
In Re Gault
A landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision that granted juveniles certain due process rights in delinquency proceedings.
Transfer Hearing
A hearing to determine whether a juvenile should be tried as an adult.
Sealing Juvenile Records
The process of closing juvenile court records to the public and making the records virtually unavailable.
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