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The standard form equation for a circle with center at $(h, k)$ and radius $r$ is $(x - h)^2 + (y - k)^2 = r^2$.

The midpoint of a line segment is the point that divides the segment into two equal parts. A midpoint's coordinates are the average of the coordinates of the endpoints. Formula: $M = \left( \frac{x_1 + x_2}{2}, \frac{y_1 + y_2}{2} \right)$

The point-slope form of the equation of a line is $y - y_1 = m(x - x_1)$, where $m$ is the slope of the line and $(x_1, y_1)$ is a point on the line.

In coordinate geometry, the distance between two points is the length of the line segment connecting them. Formula: $d = \sqrt{(x_2 - x_1)^2 + (y_2 - y_1)^2}$

The standard form of a linear equation is $Ax + By = C$, where A, B, and C are integers, and A should be non-negative.

The slope of a line is a measure of its steepness, defined as the ratio of the rise (vertical change) to the run (horizontal change). Formula: $m = \frac{y_2 - y_1}{x_2 - x_1}$

The slope-intercept form is an equation of a straight line in the format $y = mx + b$, where 'm' represents the slope and 'b' represents the y-intercept of the line.