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A statement that can be tested scientifically through experiments or observations, aiming to predict a relationship between variables.

Any factor, trait, or condition that can exist in differing amounts or types in an experiment.

The variable that is manipulated by the researcher to observe its effect on the dependent variable.

The variable that is observed and that changes in response to the independent variable.

The group in an experiment that does not receive the treatment, used as a benchmark to measure how the other tested subjects do.

The group in an experiment that receives the treatment, in order to test the effect of the independent variable.

The process of assigning subjects to experimental or control groups randomly, to reduce bias.

A method used in experiments to prevent subjects or researchers from knowing which group subjects are in, to reduce bias.

An experimental procedure in which both the subjects of the experiment and the researchers do not know the critical aspects of the experiment.

The number of subjects included in a study, which affects the experiment's validity and precision.

Repeating of an experiment or observation to verify results and ensure reliability.

The use of chance to divide experimental subjects into groups, to ensure that each group is statistically similar.

The specific condition or manipulation applied to the subjects in the experimental group of a study.

The degree to which a study accurately reflects or assesses the specific concept that the researcher is attempting to measure.

The consistency or repeatability of an experiment or measurement tool.

An outside variable that affects the dependent and independent variables, potentially skewing results if not controlled.

A clear, precise, typically quantifiable definition of your variables - allows the variable to be measured.

The process of gathering and measuring information on variables of interest, in a systematic fashion.

The consideration of moral principles and professional standards that govern conduct in experimental design.