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The process of assigning subjects to experimental or control groups randomly, to reduce bias.

Any factor, trait, or condition that can exist in differing amounts or types in an experiment.

A method used in experiments to prevent subjects or researchers from knowing which group subjects are in, to reduce bias.

The group in an experiment that receives the treatment, in order to test the effect of the independent variable.

Repeating of an experiment or observation to verify results and ensure reliability.

The use of chance to divide experimental subjects into groups, to ensure that each group is statistically similar.

The consistency or repeatability of an experiment or measurement tool.

The variable that is manipulated by the researcher to observe its effect on the dependent variable.

The number of subjects included in a study, which affects the experiment's validity and precision.

An outside variable that affects the dependent and independent variables, potentially skewing results if not controlled.

The degree to which a study accurately reflects or assesses the specific concept that the researcher is attempting to measure.

An experimental procedure in which both the subjects of the experiment and the researchers do not know the critical aspects of the experiment.

The process of gathering and measuring information on variables of interest, in a systematic fashion.

The variable that is observed and that changes in response to the independent variable.

A clear, precise, typically quantifiable definition of your variables - allows the variable to be measured.

A statement that can be tested scientifically through experiments or observations, aiming to predict a relationship between variables.

The specific condition or manipulation applied to the subjects in the experimental group of a study.

The likelihood that a result or relationship is caused by something other than mere chance.

The group in an experiment that does not receive the treatment, used as a benchmark to measure how the other tested subjects do.