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Any cadence which veers away from an expected closure and moves to a less stable chord, commonly from V to any chord that is not I, often vi.

Characterized by the IV to I progression where the IV chord is a major chord built on the raised fourth scale degree. It has a pleasantly unresolved and airy quality.

Typically follows a V chord with a vi chord, giving an unexpected turn, sometimes called a 'surprise' cadence.

A cadence where the ending chord of a minor piece is changed to major, specifically the I chord with a raised third. It provides a sudden brightening.

Involves V to I chord progression with both chords in root position and the tonic note in the highest voice of the final chord. Creates a strong resolution.

Usually consists of ending on the V chord, does not provide closure and feels like a question or pause.

Chords involved are IV to I, often used in hymns and referred to as the 'Amen' cadence. Produces a warm and settled effect.

Involves a iv6 to V progression, often found in minor keys and has an exotic, unresolved feeling due to the raised note in the iv6 chord.

Involves a progression from the Neapolitan sixth chord (♭II6) to the V or I chord. It has a distinct, dramatic effect due to the flattened second scale degree.