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Percussion Notation Symbols
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Accent
A symbol that signifies a note should be played with more emphasis.
Beam
A horizontal line that connects the stems of multiple notes to show rhythmic grouping.
Dynamic markings
Symbols that indicate the volume at which music is played, such as piano (p) or forte (f).
Drag
Consists of a pair of grace notes played before a primary stroke, usually indicated with two small notes.
Time signature
A symbol indicating the number of beats in a measure and the value of the beat.
Stem
A vertical line attached to the notehead that indicates the duration of the note.
Rimshot
A note that instructs the player to strike the rim and the head of the drum simultaneously.
Cross stick
Indicates that the stick should be laid across the drum to strike the rim, producing a click sound.
Pedal hi-hat
A symbol (usually the letter 'P' or a line under notes) that indicates the hi-hat is to be struck closed with the foot pedal.
Double bar line
Two vertical lines on the staff signifying the end of a piece or a section.
Open hi-hat
A circle above a note that indicates the hi-hat cymbals should be played while open.
Staff
A set of five horizontal lines and four spaces that represent different musical pitches.
Repeat sign
A symbol that indicates a section of music is to be played more than once.
Slur
A curved line that connects notes of different pitches to indicate they should be played smoothly in one breath.
Clef
A symbol placed at the beginning of the staff that determines the pitch of the notes.
Notehead
A symbol that represents the pitch and duration of a musical sound.
Flag
A curved line attached to the stem of a note that represents shorter note durations.
Ride cymbal
A circular notehead that is sometimes crossed to indicate the use of the ride cymbal.
Bar line
A vertical line on the staff which separates different measures.
Flam
A small note preceding a main note, indicating a quick grace note played just before the primary stroke.
Crash cymbal
A bold 'X' notehead that indicates a strike on the crash cymbal.
Grace note
A small note with a slash through the stem that indicates a quick, decorative note played just before the main note.
Closed hi-hat
A plus sign above or a horizontal line through a note that indicates the hi-hat should be played while closed.
Tie
A curved line connecting two notes of the same pitch, indicating they should be played as a single sustained note.
Ghost note
A note with parentheses around it, indicating it should be played softly or muted.
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