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Common Piano Terms
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Forte
Loud, strong
Rallentando
Gradually getting slower
Meno mosso
Less motion or slower
Maestoso
Majestically
Adagio
Slowly, leisurely
Presto
Very fast
Tenuto
Hold or sustain
Sostenuto
Sustained, often with a slower tempo
Fermata
Pause, hold the note longer than its value
Allegro
Fast, quickly and bright
Staccato
Detached or disconnected
Con brio
With spirit or vigor
Mezzo piano
Moderately soft
Piano
Soft, quiet
Legato
Smooth and connected
Decrescendo
Gradually getting softer
Più mosso
More motion or faster
Marcato
Marked, accented
Subito
Suddenly
Sonoro
Sonorous, resonant
Dal segno
From the sign
Sforzando
A sudden, sharp accent
Ritardando
Gradually slowing down
Allargando
Broadening, becoming slower
Dolce
Sweetly, softly
Accelerando
Gradually speeding up
Crescendo
Gradually getting louder
Agitato
Agitated, restless
Moderato
Moderately
Andante
At a walking pace
Prestissimo
Extremely fast
Simile
In the same way
Animato
Animated, lively
Morendo
Dying away, fading
Rubato
Flexible in tempo, expressive and free
Allegretto
Moderately fast, but less than allegro
Brillante
Brilliant, sparkling
Fine
End, the end of a piece or section
Vivace
Lively and fast
Largo
Very slow and broad
Pesante
Heavy, with importance
Espressivo
Expressive, with expression
Fortissimo
Very loud
Mezzo forte
Moderately loud
Lento
Slowly
Grave
Very slow, serious and solemn
Scherzando
Playfully, jokingly
Risoluto
Resolved, with firmness
Da capo
From the beginning
Tranquillo
Calmly, peacefully
Con moto
With motion
Pianissimo
Very soft
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