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DMX Protocol Basics
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DMX
Digital Multiplex, a digital communication network used to control stage lighting and effects.
DMX 512
A standard for digital communication networks that are commonly used to control stage lighting and effects where '512' signifies the number of control channels in one universe.
DMX Universe
A single DMX network that controls up to 512 channels.
DMX Channel
A single unit of control, which can be assigned to control a particular aspect of a lighting fixture.
DMX Cable
A specialized type of cable used to transmit DMX signals from the controller to the fixtures.
DMX Controller
A device that sends DMX data to the lighting fixtures to control their functions.
DMX Fixture
A lighting device that can be controlled by a DMX signal.
DMX Terminator
A resistor connected at the end of a DMX line to prevent signal reflections and data errors.
Daisy Chaining
A method of connecting several DMX fixtures in a series from one to the next.
DMX Address
The unique number assigned to each DMX channel on a fixture, allowing for individual control.
Binary Value
A value expressed in the binary numeral system, used in DMX to set channel levels (0-255).
DMX Decoder
A device that converts DMX signals into electrical current to control LEDs or other fixtures.
RDM
Remote Device Management, a protocol that allows bidirectional communication over a DMX line.
Art-Net
A network protocol that allows DMX512 to be sent over the ethernet.
DMX Splitter
A device that distributes one DMX input into several outputs, which helps prevent signal degradation over long runs.
DMX Packet
A sequence of binary data sent over a DMX network containing control information for the lighting fixtures.
Refresh Rate
The frequency at which the DMX controller sends a complete set of channel values through the network.
DMX Buffer
A device or memory space that temporarily stores DMX data before it is sent to the fixtures.
DMX Frame
A single set of consecutive DMX channel values that are sent together over the DMX network.
Start Code
The first byte in a DMX packet that signifies the beginning of a DMX frame, commonly set to zero.
Channel Level
The specific value between 0-255 that is assigned to a DMX channel, which determines the intensity or state of a controlled feature.
Crossfade
A smooth transition between lighting states or intensities, controlled by changing DMX channel levels over time.
Dimmer Pack
A device that receives DMX signals and regulates the power to lighting fixtures, often controlling their brightness.
DMX Software
Computer software used to create, manage, and send DMX signals to control lighting fixtures.
Profile
In DMX terms, a set of definitions that describe the DMX channel usage for a particular fixture including its functions and characteristics.
Flicker Free
A feature of some lighting fixtures or DMX systems designed to eliminate flickering during video recording.
Wireless DMX
DMX technology that uses wireless signals to communicate between the DMX controller and the fixtures, removing the need for physical cables.
DMX Merge
A device or function that combines multiple DMX signals into one signal, often used when multiple control sources are present.
Signal Integrity
The quality of the DMX signal sent through the network, which can be affected by cable length, quality, and potential interference.
Backup Mode
A feature in some DMX systems that allows a backup controller to take over in case the main controller fails.
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