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Tap Dance Rhythms and Techniques
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Shuffle
A basic tap technique where the dancer brushes the ball of the foot forward (the shuffle) and then backward against the floor.
Ball Change
A quick transfer of weight from one foot to the other, often used to accentuate the rhythm.
Flap
A forward brush with the ball of the foot followed by a step on the same foot.
Time Step
A traditional tap sequence used to set the tempo, consists of a combination of steps that can vary in difficulty and complexity.
Cramproll
A four-sound step consisting of a step with one foot, a step with the other foot, and then a heel drop with each foot.
Pullback
A backward brush of both feet while in the air, followed by landing on the balls of both feet.
Wing
A movement where the dancer sweeps one foot out to the side and back, while hopping on the other foot.
Maxie Ford
A tap step that combines a leap from one foot to the other with a shuffle and a step.
Riff
A brush and a scuff performed with the same foot to create a single rhythmic sound.
Pickup
An action where the dancer hops on one foot while simultaneously swinging the other foot up and hitting the toe tap against the floor.
Scuff
A movement where the dancer hits the heel of the shoe on the floor and lifts it immediately, creating a brushing sound.
Stamp
A heavy step landing with the entire foot at once, making a loud sound, without transferring weight.
Stomp
Similar to a Stamp, but with weight transfer, creating a loud sound as the entire foot lands.
Cramp Roll
A tap step that involves the feet alternating between toe and heel strikes in a rhythmic pattern.
Buffalo
A combination step involving a shuffle, jump to the side, and a step back on the other foot.
Over-The-Top
A leap combined with a brush of the toe tap, causing the dancer to travel forward.
Chug
A forward movement by pushing off the heel, the whole foot slides along the floor.
Essence
A soft sliding step with a heel beat, combined with an opposite ball change.
Soft Shoe
A relaxed, smooth style or dance to soft music without the traditional tap sounds.
Toe Stand
Balancing on the toe taps, with heels lifted off the ground, often used to create dramatic poses.
Irish
A combination of a shuffle, hop, and a step, typically done in succession and in a lively manner.
Treble
Multiple sounds created by the foot tapping the floor in rapid succession, involving shuffles and flaps.
Triple Time Step
A complex version of the Time Step with three beats to the measure and intricate footwork.
Double Time
Tap dancing at twice the normal tempo or speed, usually by doubling the tap steps in the same measure of music.
Brush
A movement where the ball or heel of the foot is swept across the floor to make a sound.
Paddle and Roll
A series of heel and toe taps, often done in repetition to create a rolling sound.
Slap
A brush of the foot followed quickly by striking the ball of the foot down to make a slapping sound.
Click
Hitting one tap shoe against the other while in the air to create a clicking sound.
Drawback
A step that moves the dancer backward, combining a shuffle step with a ball change.
Toe Tap
The action of striking the floor with the plate on the toe of the tap shoe to create a precise sound.
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