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Environmental Laws and Regulations
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Kyoto Protocol
International treaty that extends the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and commits state parties to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Ethically promotes international action against climate change.
Clean Air Act (CAA)
Regulates air emissions from stationary and mobile sources to ensure public health and welfare. Ethically commits the government to protect air quality and public health.
Wilderness Act
Designates wilderness areas within the United States and sets them aside for preservation in their natural condition. It is an ethical statement of the intrinsic value of wilderness.
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)
Establishes a US national policy promoting the enhancement of the environment and a process for evaluating the environmental effects of federal actions. Impact on ethics includes mandating transparency and consideration of environmental impacts for public decisions.
Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA)
Implements various treaties that protect migratory birds between the United States and Canada, Mexico, Japan, and Russia. The MBTA underscores ethical commitments to preserving transboundary wildlife populations.
Paris Agreement
An international accord within the UNFCCC dealing with greenhouse-gas-emissions mitigation and adaptation to climate change. Calls for ethical global cooperation to combat climate change and adapt to its effects.
Antarctic Conservation Act
Provides for the conservation and protection of the fauna and flora of Antarctica and for the ecosystem upon which they depend. Upholds the ethics of protecting a unique and vulnerable environment.
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA)
Also known as Superfund, it authorizes the federal government to respond to releases of hazardous substances and ensures the cleanup of contaminated sites. Highlights the ethical duty to remediate past environmental wrongs.
Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA)
Prohibits the take of marine mammals in US waters and by US citizens on the high seas, and the import, export, and sale of marine mammal parts and products within the US. Embodies the ethical principle of protecting marine life.
Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA)
Protects the quality of drinking water in the US, which is achieved through setting health-based standards for drinking water to protect against both naturally-occurring and man-made contaminants. Its ethical importance lies in ensuring access to safe drinking water.
Energy Policy Act
Addresses energy production in the United States, including energy efficiency, renewable energy, oil and gas, coal, tribal energy, and more. This acts ethically to diversify energy sources and promote clean energy.
Endangered Species Act (ESA)
Provides a framework for conserving and protecting endangered and threatened species and their habitats. Emphasizes the ethical responsibility to protect biological diversity.
Lacey Act
Prohibits the trade in wildlife, fish, and plants that have been illegally taken, possessed, transported or sold. It underlines the ethical obligation to combat illegal trafficking and protect wildlife.
Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)
Ensures safe and healthy working conditions for workers by setting and enforcing standards and by providing training, outreach, education, and assistance. It is driven by the ethical imperative to protect worker health and safety.
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)
Provides federal control of pesticide distribution, sale, and use, ensuring that pesticides are tested and properly labeled. Reflects ethical standards in pesticide application and safety.
Montreal Protocol
International treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances responsible for ozone depletion. Reflects the ethical responsibility of global collaboration in environmental protection.
Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA)
Grants the EPA the authority to require reporting, record-keeping, testing requirements, and restrictions relating to chemical substances. Encourages ethical management and evaluation of risks from chemical substances.
Noise Control Act
Establishes a national policy to promote an environment for all Americans free from noise that jeopardizes their health and welfare. Sets ethical responsibility for noise emission standards to protect public health and welfare.
Clean Water Act (CWA)
Aims to eliminate the discharge of pollutants in US waters and achieve water quality levels that protect fish, shellfish, and wildlife while ensuring safe swimming. It promotes the ethical use of water bodies and their protection.
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
Governs the disposal of solid waste and hazardous waste. It underscores the ethical principle of responsible waste management and resource conservation.
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