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Forensic Psychology Ethics
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Confidentiality
In forensic psychology, maintaining confidentiality is complex, as psychologists often have to balance the privacy of their client with legal obligations and the potential need to protect third parties.
Dual Relationships
Forensic psychologists must avoid dual relationships that can impair their objectivity, competence, or effectiveness in performing their functions, or otherwise risk exploiting or harming the party with whom the professional relationship exists.
Informed Consent
It is essential to secure informed consent in a manner that is understandable and clear to the individual, particularly when working with clients who are involved in legal proceedings, while also considering issues of coercion within the legal context.
Competence
Forensic psychologists must only provide services for which they are qualified by education, training, or experience, and must understand how factors such as culture, ethnicity, and language affect their practice.
Use of Assessments
The ethical use of assessments requires selecting appropriate psychometric tools, administering tests properly, and interpreting results accurately, taking into account the context and purpose of the evaluation.
Expert Witness Testimony
When providing expert witness testimony, forensic psychologists must base their opinions on appropriate data, methods, and research; they should avoid giving partisan positions that are not supported by evidence.
Privacy and Disclosure
Forensic psychologists are often required to discuss sensitive information. They must understand the legal and ethical aspects of disclosing such information, always aligning with privacy laws and ethical codes.
Risk Assessment
Ethically conducting risk assessments involves being accurate, avoiding harm, and acknowledging the limitations of predictive accuracy while also being aware of the potential repercussions on the individual's freedom and rights.
Therapeutic Misconception
In forensic settings, clients may believe that receiving psychological services is primarily for their own therapeutic benefit, when in fact services may be provided to inform the legal process. Clarifying the role and purpose of services is an ethical imperative.
Bias and Discrimination
Forensic psychologists must strive to recognize, understand, and manage personal biases and must not engage in discrimination based on age, gender, race, ethnicity, national origin, religion, sexual orientation, disability, socioeconomic status, or any basis proscribed by law.
Boundary Violations
Forensic psychologists must maintain professional boundaries with their clients and refrain from engaging in relationships or behaviors that could compromise their professional role or harm the client or other parties.
Justice and Fairness
Forensic psychologists are tasked with ensuring that their work upholds the principles of justice and fairness, providing all parties with equal quality of service and access to their expertise, regardless of the involved parties' status or relationship with the psychologist.
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