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Correctional Facilities Terminology

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Inmate

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An individual who is under the custody of a correctional facility.

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Maximum Security Prison

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A correctional facility with the highest level of security to house the most dangerous offenders.

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Solitary Confinement

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A form of imprisonment where an inmate is isolated from any human contact, except for members of the prison staff.

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Parole

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The conditional release of a prisoner before the full sentence has been served.

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Probation

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A court-ordered period of correctional supervision in the community, generally as an alternative to incarceration.

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Recidivism

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The act of a person repeating an undesirable behavior after they have either experienced negative consequences of that behavior, or have been treated or trained to extinguish that behavior.

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Correctional Officer

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A person who is responsible for the supervision, safety, and security of prisoners in a prison, jail, or other form of secure custody.

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Supermax Prison

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A correctional facility that houses prisoners in complete and permanent solitary confinement.

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Commissary

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A store within a correctional facility where inmates can purchase products such as hygiene items, snacks, and sometimes small luxuries.

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Contraband

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Any item that a person is not allowed to have in jail/prison, including items that can aid in an escape, weapons, drugs, or even seemingly innocent items that are not permitted.

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Halfway House

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A facility that helps individuals, often former prisoners, re-adjust to society and avoid re-offending, by providing support services such as housing, employment assistance, and counseling.

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Bail

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The temporary release of an accused person awaiting trial, sometimes on condition that a sum of money be lodged to guarantee their appearance in court.

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Cell Block

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A section of a prison that contains a number of prison cells, where inmates are housed.

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Administrative Segregation

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The separation of an inmate from the general prison population for safety, security, or control reasons.

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Death Row

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The area of a prison that houses inmates awaiting execution after being convicted of a capital crime.

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Work Release

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A prison program that allows inmates to work at jobs outside the prison during the day but return to the facility at night.

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Correctional Treatment

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Programs and services provided to inmates with the goal of preventing further criminal behavior.

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Security Level

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A classification that determines the custody requirements and facility assignments for inmates, based on their escape risk, dangerousness, and other factors.

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Lockdown

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A protocol within a prison wherein all inmates are confined to their cells to regain control after a disturbance or to search for contraband.

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General Population

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The group of inmates in a correctional facility who are not segregated for health or security reasons and live within the main residential area of the prison.

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