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Correctional Facilities Terminology
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Inmate
An individual who is under the custody of a correctional facility.
Maximum Security Prison
A correctional facility with the highest level of security to house the most dangerous offenders.
Solitary Confinement
A form of imprisonment where an inmate is isolated from any human contact, except for members of the prison staff.
Parole
The conditional release of a prisoner before the full sentence has been served.
Probation
A court-ordered period of correctional supervision in the community, generally as an alternative to incarceration.
Recidivism
The act of a person repeating an undesirable behavior after they have either experienced negative consequences of that behavior, or have been treated or trained to extinguish that behavior.
Correctional Officer
A person who is responsible for the supervision, safety, and security of prisoners in a prison, jail, or other form of secure custody.
Supermax Prison
A correctional facility that houses prisoners in complete and permanent solitary confinement.
Commissary
A store within a correctional facility where inmates can purchase products such as hygiene items, snacks, and sometimes small luxuries.
Contraband
Any item that a person is not allowed to have in jail/prison, including items that can aid in an escape, weapons, drugs, or even seemingly innocent items that are not permitted.
Halfway House
A facility that helps individuals, often former prisoners, re-adjust to society and avoid re-offending, by providing support services such as housing, employment assistance, and counseling.
Bail
The temporary release of an accused person awaiting trial, sometimes on condition that a sum of money be lodged to guarantee their appearance in court.
Cell Block
A section of a prison that contains a number of prison cells, where inmates are housed.
Administrative Segregation
The separation of an inmate from the general prison population for safety, security, or control reasons.
Death Row
The area of a prison that houses inmates awaiting execution after being convicted of a capital crime.
Work Release
A prison program that allows inmates to work at jobs outside the prison during the day but return to the facility at night.
Correctional Treatment
Programs and services provided to inmates with the goal of preventing further criminal behavior.
Security Level
A classification that determines the custody requirements and facility assignments for inmates, based on their escape risk, dangerousness, and other factors.
Lockdown
A protocol within a prison wherein all inmates are confined to their cells to regain control after a disturbance or to search for contraband.
General Population
The group of inmates in a correctional facility who are not segregated for health or security reasons and live within the main residential area of the prison.
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