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Known as the 'Father of Modern Policing,' Vollmer introduced scientific policing methods, including the use of technology in law enforcement and higher education for police officers, which have substantially influenced the professionalization of police forces globally.

From 1920 to 1933, Prohibition in the United States led to the rise of organized crime, necessitating developments in policing tactics and the expansion of federal law enforcement capabilities, including the birth of the Bureau of Prohibition.

Introduced as a tool to improve police transparency and accountability, body-worn cameras have become increasingly common in modern policing. They provide evidence in confrontations and have influenced both public perception and the behavior of officers and citizens.

Convened in 1929 by President Herbert Hoover, it produced the first national study of law enforcement and criminal justice, leading to recommendations that spurred reform in policing and contributed to the centralization of crime fighting efforts.

Established by Henry Fielding in the mid-18th century, they are considered the first professional police force in London, leading to the development of more structured and organized police services.

This pivotal 1966 Supreme Court case established the Miranda rights, which must be recited to suspects upon arrest, transforming policing procedures in the U.S. regarding custodial interrogation and due process.

Founded the Metropolitan Police Service in 1829 and introduced the concept of modern policing, emphasizing the importance of crime prevention. His Peelian Principles underpin many aspects of modern policing such as community policing, professional conduct and the idea of policing by consent.

A philosophy that promotes organizational strategies that support the systematic use of partnerships and problem-solving techniques to proactively address conditions that give rise to public safety issues, resulting in closer community-police relationships and more trust in law enforcement.

Established in 1823, the Texas Rangers were among the first state-level law enforcement agencies in the U.S. Their legacy influenced the development of state policing and multi-jurisdictional law enforcement.

Short for 'Counter Intelligence Program,' COINTELPRO was a series of covert and, at times, illegal activities conducted by the FBI aimed at surveilling, infiltrating, and disrupting domestic political organizations. The exposure of these activities led to public outcry and stricter controls over law enforcement intelligence operations.

An early form of social obligation in Anglo-Saxon England, where groups of ten families would collectively deal with minor disturbances and breaches of the peace. It is seen as a precursor to more formal, community-based policing.

Characterized by the civil rights movement, the anti-war protests of the 1960s and 1970s led to considerable social upheaval in the U.S. This era brought about changes in the legal system and increased criticism of police practices, which eventually led to reform and adjustments in policy.

Founded in 1923 as the International Criminal Police Commission, it facilitates international police cooperation. Its existence represents the recognition of the need for cross-border law enforcement collaboration.

Founded by Allan Pinkerton in 1850, it became a model for detective agencies and influenced private security, as well as the establishment of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).