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Police take a suspect into custody based on probable cause.

Accused is formally charged and enters a plea of guilty, not guilty, or no contest.

Efforts to reform the convicted person during and after their sentence, with the goal of preventing future offenses.

Judge determines if there is enough evidence to proceed with a trial.

The convicted person serves their sentence, which may include imprisonment, probation, or parole.

Judge determines the punishment for the convicted individual.

A formal examination of evidence in a court, typically with a jury, to decide guilt in a case.

The actual committing of the crime by an individual.

Law enforcement examines the crime scene, gathers evidence, and seeks to identify a suspect.

Prosecutor decides whether to file formal charges against the suspect.

In some jurisdictions, a grand jury decides whether to indict the accused.

Suspect appears before a judge, informed of charges, and bail may be set.

Negotiation between the defendant and the prosecutor, where the defendant agrees to plead guilty in exchange for a lesser charge or lighter sentence.

Convicted person can request a higher court to review the case for legal errors.