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Basic Sewing Techniques

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Understitching

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A stitch line that secures the seam allowance to the facing or lining so that it doesn't roll to the outside of the garment.

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Satin Stitch

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A series of flat stitches that are used to completely cover a section of the background fabric, common in embroidery to create design elements.

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Blanket Stitch

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A hand stitch that creates a border at the edge of fabric to prevent fraying, recognizable by its distinctive looped edge.

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Rolled Hem

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A hemming method where the fabric's raw edge is rolled tightly and then sewn, producing a small, neat hem typically used on lightweight or sheer fabrics.

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Zigzag Stitch

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A stitch that moves diagonally to prevent fraying or to create stretch within the fabric, often used on the edges of seams.

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Whip Stitch

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A simple hand-sewing stitch that wraps around an edge to secure layers of fabric. Common in hemming or appliques.

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Catch Stitch

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A crisscross hand stitch used for hemming or joining layers together with flexibility, allowing the fabric to stretch without popping the stitches.

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Chain Stitch

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A series of looped stitches that form a chain-like pattern, used in embroidery or as a crochet foundation.

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Backstitch

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A strong hand stitch that goes back over the seam to reinforce it. Often used for areas requiring strength like crotches or underarm seams.

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Topstitching

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A line of stitching on the outside of garments used to hold facing or seams in place and to create a decorative line.

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Gathering

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A technique for drawing fabric into tight folds by stitching along one edge with long stitches and pulling the thread to bunch the fabric, commonly used for ruffles or fullness.

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Running Stitch

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A basic hand-sewing stitch made by passing the needle in and out of the material at a regular distance. Commonly used for seams or gathering.

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Bias Binding

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A technique where a strip of bias-cut fabric is used to encase raw edges for a neat finish, commonly applied on quilts and necklines.

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French Seam

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A seam finishing technique where raw edges are enclosed, commonly used on delicate or sheer fabrics to create a neat interior.

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Basting Stitch

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A temporary, long running stitch used to hold pieces of fabric together. Used in lieu of pins and removed after the final stitching.

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Blind Hem

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A hemming technique where stitches are barely visible on the right side of the fabric, commonly used on skirts and dress pants for a clean finish.

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Slip Stitch

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A stitch used to join two pieces of fabric together from the inside, making the stitch invisible on the outside.

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Pin Tuck

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A decorative feature created by folding the fabric and sewing a narrow seam along the fold, often used in shirts or blouses.

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Buttonhole Stitch

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A hand or machine stitch used to reinforce the edges of buttonholes, preventing them from stretching or fraying.

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Overcast Stitch

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A hand or machine stitch that wraps over the fabric edge to prevent fraying, often used when serging is not available.

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