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Architectural Styles Identification
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International Style
An architectural style that emerged in the 1920s and 1930s, the style is defined by its emphasis on volume over mass, the use of lightweight, mass-produced industrial materials, and the rejection of historical precedent and ornament.
Byzantine
This style of architecture arose during the Byzantine Empire, characterized by dome-centered buildings, the extensive use of mosaics, and a central plan that often included a square base with a central dome.
Gothic
An architectural style that flourished in medieval Europe characterized by pointed arches, rib vaults, and flying buttresses, often seen in cathedrals.
Art Nouveau
An international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts, that peaked at the turn of the 20th century. Characterized by organic, especially floral and other plant-inspired motifs, as well as highly-stylized, flowing curvilinear forms.
Bauhaus
A design school in Germany that combined crafts and the fine arts, and was famous for the approach to design that it publicized and taught; characterized by functional, sleek, and geometric simplicity.
Craftsman
An architectural style that originated in the late 19th century and emphasizes hand-crafted details such as built-in furniture and extensive woodwork.
Beaux-Arts
A classical architectural style taught at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris in the 19th and 20th centuries. It is characterized by symmetry, French neoclassical architecture, and grandeur.
Victorian
Name for the architectural styles that were used during the reign of Queen Victoria. Known for its ornate and decorative details, such as gables, turrets, and elaborate wood trim.
Rococo
An eighteenth-century architectural style that represents a highly ornamental late baroque period of art. It is characterized by lightness, elegance, and an exuberant use of curving natural forms in ornamentation.
Prairie Style
An architectural style developed by a group of Midwest architects, of whom Frank Lloyd Wright was the most famous, marked by horizontal lines, flat or hipped roofs with broad overhanging eaves, and integration with the landscape.
Neo-Classical
An 18th and 19th-century architectural style that draws on the classical architecture and culture of Ancient Greece and Rome. It is characterized by grandeur of scale, simplicity of geometric forms, and a sense of drama and use of columns.
Baroque
A highly decorative and theatrical style which appeared in Italy in the early 17th century and spread to most of Europe; noted for its curved forms, twisted columns, and grandiose scale.
Tudor
An architectural style that is the final development of Medieval architecture in England, during the Tudor period (1485–1603). Typical features include steeply pitched gable roofs, embellished doorways, and masonry chimneys.
Brutalism
Architectural style which emerged in the 1950s, characterized by massive or monolithic forms, usually of raw concrete, and a functionality that is plainly expressed.
Futurist
An architectural style that arose in the early 20th century in Italy. Futurist architecture emphasizes dynamic forms, fragmentation, and a strong visual effect.
Colonial
This architectural style refers to houses built in the United States during the colonial period and in the style of the English, Dutch, French, and Spanish settlers who colonized what would become the United States.
Renaissance
A revival of Classical art and architecture, associated with the Italian Renaissance starting in the 15th century. Key features include symmetry, geometry, and a focus on proportion and order.
Modernism
A style that embraces minimalism and rejects ornamentation, with an emphasis on function. Common features are glass and steel structures, open floor plans, and a white or neutral color palette.
Art Deco
A popular design style of the 1920s and '30s characterized especially by bold outlines, geometric and zigzag forms, and the use of new materials such as plastic.
Postmodern
An architectural style and movement that emerged in the late 20th century as a critical reaction to the austerity of modern architecture; it embraces complexity and eclecticism, and often includes traditional elements in new contexts.
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