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Founded in 1919 in Germany, the Bauhaus movement emphasized functionality and simplicity. Key figures include Walter Gropius, Mies van der Rohe, and Marcel Breuer. Its impact on modern design includes the widespread adoption of minimalism and a focus on mass-producible furniture designs.

Developing in the mid-20th century, this movement is characterized by sleek lines, organic shapes, and a seamless flow between indoors and outdoors. Key figures include Charles and Ray Eames, Eero Saarinen, and Florence Knoll. This movement has profoundly influenced contemporary furniture and interior design.

Emerging in the 1920s, Art Deco is known for its bold geometric patterns, rich colors, and luxurious materials. Key figures include Tamara de Lempicka and Émile-Jacques Ruhlmann. It has influenced the design of buildings, jewelry, fashion, cars, and movie theaters.

Originating in the late 19th century, Art Nouveau is characterized by its use of long, sinuous, organic lines. Key figures include Victor Horta and Antoni Gaudí. This movement has greatly influenced modern graphic design and architecture, with its emphasis on natural forms and decorative details.

Emerging in the 1980s in Great Britain, Shabby Chic combines wear and tear with elegant vintage elements. Key figures like Rachel Ashwell have popularized this cozy, lived-in style. It has influenced homemaking and interior design to embrace imperfection and a sense of nostalgia.

Traceable back to the 1960s and influenced by Japanese traditional design and Zen philosophy, Minimalism emphasizes spareness and simplicity. Key figures include Dieter Rams and John Pawson. Its impact can be seen in tech product design, such as Apple products, and the decluttering movement.

Founded in 1981 by Ettore Sottsass, the Memphis Group is known for its eclectic, avant-garde and colorful style. It was a reaction against the minimalist approach of modernism. The movement's impact can be seen in bold, playful design elements in contemporary furniture and accessories.

Beginning in the 1950s, Scandinavian design focuses on simplicity, minimalism, and functionality. Key figures include Alvar Aalto and Arne Jacobsen. Its impact is seen in the global appreciation for IKEA and the clean, uncluttered style that permeates modern interiors.

Originated in the early 20th century, Industrial design merges raw and unfinished interiors with a utilitarian aesthetic. Key figures include the architects and designers of the High Tech architecture movement. It influenced the conversion of old factories into loft apartments and the use of materials like exposed brick and steel.