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Quilting Terms
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Batting
The insulating layer that provides warmth in a quilt, typically made from cotton, polyester, or wool.
Binding
A strip of fabric sewn over the edges of a quilt to finish it and enclose the raw edges.
Quilt Top
The uppermost layer of a quilt, often featuring patchwork or appliqué.
Backing
The bottom layer of a quilt, typically a single fabric piece but can also be pieced.
Basting
The temporary holding together of the quilt's layers in preparation for quilting, can be done with thread, pins, or spray adhesive.
Piecing
The process of sewing fabric pieces together to form the quilt top, typically carried out with a quarter inch seam allowance.
Stash
A quilter's personal collection of fabrics.
Quilting
The process of sewing through the quilt top, batting, and backing layers to add texture and secure the layers together.
Fat Quarter
A pre-cut piece of fabric measuring 18 inches by 22 inches, essentially a quarter yard cut that is wider and shorter than a traditional quarter yard.
Appliqué
A decorative technique in which shapes of fabric are sewn or fused onto a background fabric, often used for intricate designs.
Block
A square or rectangular piece of fabric that is a component of the quilt top, often repeating to form the overall design.
Chain Piecing
A method of sewing where pieces are consecutively fed through the machine without cutting the thread between them, increasing efficiency.
Free-Motion Quilting
A quilting technique where the feed dogs are lowered or covered, allowing the quilter to move the fabric freely in any direction.
Fat Eighth
A pre-cut piece of fabric measuring 9 inches by 22 inches, essentially half of a fat quarter.
Grain
Refers to the direction of threads in a woven fabric, includes straight grain (parallel to selvages) and cross grain (perpendicular to selvages).
Sashing
Strips of fabric that frame and separate individual quilt blocks, often contrasting with block designs.
Selvage
The tightly woven edge of fabric that prevents it from unraveling, not typically used in the quilt's main design.
Walking Foot
A sewing machine foot that helps feed fabric layers evenly, preventing them from shifting, particularly useful for quilting straight or slightly curved lines.
Mitered Corner
A corner of a quilt border or binding that is sewn at a 45-degree angle, offering a clean and professional appearance.
Quilt Sandwich
The layered stack consisting of the quilt top, batting, and backing, prepared for quilting.
Quilt Label
A piece of fabric added to the back of a quilt that provides information such as the maker's name, date of completion, and other details.
Dresden Plate
A traditional quilt block pattern that features a series of shapes (usually petals or wedges) radiating from a central circle.
Half-Square Triangle (HST)
A square made from two equal right triangles, a versatile unit in quilting designs.
Log Cabin
A block pattern that consists of strips (logs) added around a center square, typically constructed in a way that forms a light side and a dark side.
Paper Piecing
A quilting technique where fabric is sewn directly onto a paper pattern to achieve precise or intricate designs, the paper is later removed.
Prairie Points
Folded fabric triangles that are used as a decorative edge finish for quilts, resembling a row of prairie grass.
Rotary Cutter
A tool equipped with a circular blade used for cutting fabric, allows quick, straight cuts through multiple layers.
Stippling
A quilting technique that involves sewing a meandering, squiggly line across the quilt to create a textured effect without crossing any lines.
Trapunto
A decorative quilting method that involves stuffing areas of the quilt to create a raised surface, providing a 3D effect to certain parts of the quilting design.
Raw Edge
The unsewn, cut edges of fabric that can fray, often utilized purposefully in certain quilting techniques for a rustic or textural effect.
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