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Quilting Terms

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Appliqué

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A decorative technique in which shapes of fabric are sewn or fused onto a background fabric, often used for intricate designs.

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Piecing

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The process of sewing fabric pieces together to form the quilt top, typically carried out with a quarter inch seam allowance.

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Quilting

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The process of sewing through the quilt top, batting, and backing layers to add texture and secure the layers together.

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Quilt Label

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A piece of fabric added to the back of a quilt that provides information such as the maker's name, date of completion, and other details.

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Stippling

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A quilting technique that involves sewing a meandering, squiggly line across the quilt to create a textured effect without crossing any lines.

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Mitered Corner

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A corner of a quilt border or binding that is sewn at a 45-degree angle, offering a clean and professional appearance.

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Quilt Top

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The uppermost layer of a quilt, often featuring patchwork or appliqué.

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Basting

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The temporary holding together of the quilt's layers in preparation for quilting, can be done with thread, pins, or spray adhesive.

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Grain

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Refers to the direction of threads in a woven fabric, includes straight grain (parallel to selvages) and cross grain (perpendicular to selvages).

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Trapunto

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A decorative quilting method that involves stuffing areas of the quilt to create a raised surface, providing a 3D effect to certain parts of the quilting design.

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Log Cabin

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A block pattern that consists of strips (logs) added around a center square, typically constructed in a way that forms a light side and a dark side.

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Raw Edge

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The unsewn, cut edges of fabric that can fray, often utilized purposefully in certain quilting techniques for a rustic or textural effect.

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Fat Quarter

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A pre-cut piece of fabric measuring 18 inches by 22 inches, essentially a quarter yard cut that is wider and shorter than a traditional quarter yard.

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Selvage

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The tightly woven edge of fabric that prevents it from unraveling, not typically used in the quilt's main design.

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Prairie Points

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Folded fabric triangles that are used as a decorative edge finish for quilts, resembling a row of prairie grass.

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Fat Eighth

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A pre-cut piece of fabric measuring 9 inches by 22 inches, essentially half of a fat quarter.

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Sashing

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Strips of fabric that frame and separate individual quilt blocks, often contrasting with block designs.

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Batting

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The insulating layer that provides warmth in a quilt, typically made from cotton, polyester, or wool.

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Free-Motion Quilting

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A quilting technique where the feed dogs are lowered or covered, allowing the quilter to move the fabric freely in any direction.

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Dresden Plate

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A traditional quilt block pattern that features a series of shapes (usually petals or wedges) radiating from a central circle.

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Backing

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The bottom layer of a quilt, typically a single fabric piece but can also be pieced.

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Walking Foot

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A sewing machine foot that helps feed fabric layers evenly, preventing them from shifting, particularly useful for quilting straight or slightly curved lines.

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Paper Piecing

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A quilting technique where fabric is sewn directly onto a paper pattern to achieve precise or intricate designs, the paper is later removed.

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Rotary Cutter

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A tool equipped with a circular blade used for cutting fabric, allows quick, straight cuts through multiple layers.

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Binding

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A strip of fabric sewn over the edges of a quilt to finish it and enclose the raw edges.

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Stash

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A quilter's personal collection of fabrics.

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Quilt Sandwich

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The layered stack consisting of the quilt top, batting, and backing, prepared for quilting.

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Block

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A square or rectangular piece of fabric that is a component of the quilt top, often repeating to form the overall design.

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Chain Piecing

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A method of sewing where pieces are consecutively fed through the machine without cutting the thread between them, increasing efficiency.

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Half-Square Triangle (HST)

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A square made from two equal right triangles, a versatile unit in quilting designs.

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