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Space Missions
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Mars Science Laboratory (Curiosity Rover)
Year launched: 2011, Destination: Mars, Mission Objective: Assess Mars' habitability for future human missions, study Martian climate and geology.
Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter
Year launched: 2005, Destination: Mars orbit, Mission Objective: Study Mars' atmosphere and terrain from orbit, assist with rovers and lander missions.
Hubble Space Telescope
Year launched: 1990, Destination: Low Earth orbit, Mission Objective: Provide long-term astronomical observations from space, free from atmospheric interference.
Perseverance Rover
Year launched: 2020, Destination: Mars, Mission Objective: Search for signs of past microbial life, collect rock and soil samples for a possible return to Earth.
Cassini–Huygens
Year launched: 1997, Destination: Saturn, Mission Objective: Orbit Saturn and study the planet, its rings, and its natural satellites, especially Titan.
Phoenix Lander
Year launched: 2007, Destination: Mars, Mission Objective: Search for environments suitable for microbial life on Mars, and to research the history of water there.
Voyager 2
Year launched: 1977, Destination: Interstellar space, Mission Objective: Explore the outer planets; only spacecraft to have visited Uranus and Neptune.
TESS
Year launched: 2018, Destination: Highly elliptical orbit around Earth, Mission Objective: Search for extrasolar planets using the transit method, focusing on stars brighter than those Kepler observed.
New Horizons
Year launched: 2006, Destination: Pluto and beyond, Mission Objective: Make the first reconnaissance of Pluto and its moons, then explore objects in the Kuiper Belt.
Kepler
Year launched: 2009, Destination: Earth-trailing heliocentric orbit, Mission Objective: Discover Earth-size exoplanets in or near the habitable zones of other stars.
Viking 1
Year launched: 1975, Destination: Mars, Mission Objective: Search for signs of life and characterize Martian surface and atmosphere.
Galileo
Year launched: 1989, Destination: Jupiter, Mission Objective: Study Jupiter and its moons, notably the Galilean moons, and the magnetosphere.
Voyager 1
Year launched: 1977, Destination: Interstellar space, Mission Objective: Conduct close studies of Jupiter and Saturn, Saturn's rings, and larger moons of the two planets; first human-made object to reach interstellar space.
Pioneer 10
Year launched: 1972, Destination: Through the asteroid belt and past Jupiter, Mission Objective: First spacecraft to travel through the asteroid belt; study Jupiter's atmosphere and moons.
OSIRIS-REx
Year launched: 2016, Destination: Asteroid Bennu, Mission Objective: Collect samples from an asteroid and return them to Earth for analysis.
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