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Spacecraft and Probes
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Chandra X-ray Observatory
Launch date: July 23, 1999; Destination: High Earth Orbit; Mission goals: Observe high-energy phenomena such as black holes and supernovae remnants.
Mars Odyssey
Launch date: April 7, 2001; Destination: Mars; Mission goals: Map the chemical elements and minerals that make up the Martian surface.
Voyager 2
Launch date: August 20, 1977; Destination: Outer Solar System and beyond; Mission goals: Study the outer planets and interstellar space.
Curiosity Rover
Launch date: November 26, 2011; Destination: Mars; Mission goals: Determine Mars' habitability, study Martian climate and geology, and collect data for human mission.
Cassini
Launch date: October 15, 1997; Destination: Saturn; Mission goals: Study Saturn, its rings, and its moons.
Perseverance Rover
Launch date: July 30, 2020; Destination: Mars; Mission goals: Search for signs of past life, collect rock and soil samples, and prepare for human exploration.
Voyager 1
Launch date: September 5, 1977; Destination: Outer Solar System and beyond; Mission goals: Study the outer planets and interstellar space.
Juno
Launch date: August 5, 2011; Destination: Jupiter; Mission goals: Study Jupiter’s composition, gravity field, magnetic field, and polar magnetosphere.
OSIRIS-REx
Launch date: September 8, 2016; Destination: Asteroid Bennu; Mission goals: Return a sample from the surface of asteroid Bennu to Earth for study.
Kepler Space Telescope
Launch date: March 7, 2009; Destination: Earth-trailing heliocentric orbit; Mission goals: Discover Earth-like planets orbiting other stars.
James Webb Space Telescope
Launch date: December 25, 2021; Destination: Sun-Earth L2 Lagrange Point; Mission goals: Study the formation of stars and galaxies, planetary systems, and the origins of life.
Galileo
Launch date: October 18, 1989; Destination: Jupiter; Mission goals: Study Jupiter and its moons, including their composition, geology, and magnetosphere.
New Horizons
Launch date: January 19, 2006; Destination: Pluto and Kuiper Belt; Mission goals: Perform a flyby study of Pluto and its moons, study Kuiper Belt objects.
Hubble Space Telescope
Launch date: April 24, 1990; Destination: Low Earth Orbit; Mission goals: Observe distant galaxies, nebulae, and other astronomical phenomena.
Parker Solar Probe
Launch date: August 12, 2018; Destination: The Sun; Mission goals: Study the outer corona of the Sun to better understand solar wind and space weather.
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