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The inflation rate measures the percentage increase in overall prices of goods and services in an economy over a period of time.

This index assesses the degree of optimism that consumers feel about the overall state of the economy and their personal financial situation.

Fiscal deficit occurs when a government's total expenditures exceed the revenue that it generates, excluding money from borrowings.

The current account reflects the difference between a country's savings and its investment. It includes the balance of trade, net primary income, and net secondary income.

Monetary policy involves the management of a country's money supply and interest rates by its central bank and is used to control inflation, consumption, growth, and liquidity.

GDP is the total market value of all goods and services produced in a country during a specific period. It is used as an indicator of the size and health of a country's economy.

The unemployment rate is the percentage of the total labor force that is unemployed but actively seeking employment and willing to work.

A gauge of the level of optimism or pessimism among business leaders regarding economic conditions, which can influence investment decisions and economic growth.

PMI is an indicator of the economic health of the manufacturing and service sectors, based on surveys of managers in purchasing and supply sectors.

Retail sales measure the total receipts of retail stores and reflects consumer spending trends and confidence, a significant driver of the economy.

GNP is the total value of goods and services produced by the residents of a country within a specific time period including overseas income.

Interest rates, set by a country's central bank, are the cost of borrowing money. Changes in interest rates can influence economic activity by affecting consumer spending and business investment.

CPI measures the average change over time in the prices paid by consumers for a basket of goods and services. It is often used as an indicator of inflation.

PPI measures the average change over time in the selling prices received by domestic producers for their output. It's a leading indicator of consumer price inflation.