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The Development of Journalism Ethics
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Flashcards
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Cultural Sensitivity
Journalists should report with sensitivity to different cultures and beliefs. Cultural sensitivity in media ethics acknowledges global diversity and promotes understanding.
Sensationalism Avoidance
Journalists should avoid sensationalizing news to attract audiences. The ethical stance against sensationalism grew from criticism of 'yellow journalism' in the late 19th century.
Right to a Fair Trial
Journalism should not interfere with an individual's right to a fair trial. This principle ensures that media coverage does not prejudice legal proceedings.
Engaging with the Public
Ethical journalism involves engaging with viewers and addressing feedback constructively. This principle supports a responsive and participatory media environment.
Dealing with Government and Politicians
Journalists should critically appraise government information and avoid merely amplifying it. The principle originated to uphold a democratic society's need for accountability.
Independence and Objectivity
Journalists should remain independent from subjects they report on to ensure objective reporting. The principle arose to avoid conflicts of interest and maintain impartiality.
Accountability
Journalists must hold themselves accountable for their work, correcting errors and addressing criticism. Accountability became a norm with the rise of professional ethics.
Separation of Editorial and Advertisements
Editorial content should be kept distinct from advertisements to avoid conflicts of interest. Developed to maintain the trustworthiness of journalism amid commercial pressures.
Protection of Children
Journalism should consider the welfare of children and their right to privacy. This ethical principle developed due to the vulnerability and privacy rights of minors.
Truth and Accuracy
Journalists should strive for accuracy and ensure that information is verified. This principle originates from the need to maintain credibility and public trust.
Respect for Privacy
Journalists should respect individuals' privacy unless override by clear public interest. Privacy concerns in journalism gained prominence with the rise of invasive reporting techniques.
Data Journalism Ethics
Data journalists should ethically source, interpret, and present data. This emerging field requires ethical guidelines to handle vast amounts of data responsibly and accurately.
Harm Limitation
Journalists should be aware of the harm their reporting could cause and attempt to minimize it. This principle comes from the balance between the public's right to know and potential negative impact.
Confidentiality of Sources
Journalists must protect the anonymity of sources who may face harm if identified. The practice began to maintain source trust and encourage the flow of information.
Conflict Reporting
Reporting on conflicts must be done with accuracy, avoiding propaganda. The principle has its origins in the role of journalism in maintaining an informed citizenry during times of crisis.
Financial Reporting Ethics
Financial journalists should disclose conflicts of interest and avoid using their position for personal gain. This code of ethics caters to the sensitive nature of financial information.
Journalism and Activism
Journalists should distinguish between reporting and activism to maintain public trust. This ethical distinction prevents blurring lines that could compromise objective reporting.
Fairness and Impartiality
Reporting should be balanced and fair to all sides, stemming from the ideal of journalism as a democratic forum. It ensures diverse viewpoints are represented.
Minimization of Bias
The principle that journalists should avoid letting personal bias affect their reporting. This ethical code developed as objectivity in journalism became valued.
Public Interest
Journalistic work should prioritize the public interest, guiding the decision-making process. This principle is a cornerstone of ethical journalism, serving as a social watchdog.
Plagiarism
Journalists should not plagiarize and must credit sources of content. The anti-plagiarism code of ethics has developed to maintain professional integrity and credibility.
Transparency of Methodology
Journalists should be transparent about their methods to foster trust and credibility. This mandate is a response to the need for openness in the journalistic process.
Undercover Reporting
Undercover reporting is controversial and should be used sparingly and ethically. It originated as a technique to uncover stories not accessible through traditional means.
Corrections and Retractions
Journalists must promptly correct errors and, where necessary, issue retractions. This ethical code is based on responsibility to factual reporting and accountability.
Use of Graphic Imagery
The ethical use of graphic or disturbing imagery should be weighed against public interest and potential harm. The debate on this topic intensified with the availability of instant visual media.
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