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The History of Animation

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The Illusion of Life

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1981, A book by two Disney animators that outlined the twelve basic principles of animation still used today.

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The Adventures of Andre and Wally B.

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1984, One of the first fully computer-animated films, showcasing advanced techniques like motion blur.

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Flash Animation

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2000s, A digital animation technology that gained popularity for its accessible and web-friendly format.

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Morphing in Animation

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1982, A visual effect in which one image transforms into another, which became widely used in films and animation.

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Zoetrope

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1866, A device that produced the illusion of motion by displaying a sequence of drawings showing progressive phases of that motion.

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Computer Animation Production System (CAPS)

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1989, A digital ink and paint system developed by Disney and Pixar, which brought a move away from traditional cel animation.

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The First Computer Animated Film

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1972, 'A Computer Animated Hand' created by Ed Catmull and Fred Parke showcased the potential of 3D computer graphics.

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Toy Story

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1995, The first entirely computer-animated feature film, marking a new era in animation.

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Stop Motion Animation

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1920s, This technique involves photographing an object one frame at a time, with physical changes made between frames to create the illusion of movement.

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VR Animation

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2016, A new storytelling medium that allows for immersive experiences, with films like 'Invasion!' leading the way.

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Cel Animation

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1914, The traditional method of animation using hand-drawn images on transparent sheets called 'cels'.

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Digital 2D Animation

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Early 2000s, The transition from traditional cel animation to computerized versions allowed for more efficient creation and manipulation of 2D animations.

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Xerography in Animation

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1961, A technique that allowed animators to photocopy their drawings directly onto the cels, leading to cost-saving and efficiency.

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Phenakistoscope

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1833, An early animation device that created a fluid illusion of motion from a series of pictures.

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Performance Capture

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2009, 'Avatar' revolutionized this technology, capturing actors’ movements and expressions to animate photorealistic digital characters.

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Steamboat Willie

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1928, Disney’s first animated cartoon with synchronized sound and introduced Mickey Mouse.

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Multiplane Camera

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1937, Revolutionized the look of animation by adding depth to scenes with multiple layers.

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Direct Animation

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1930s, A technique where animators physically manipulate or draw directly on film strips, bypassing the need for cameras.

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Gertie the Dinosaur

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1914, One of the first animated films to feature a dinosaur, Gertie, which represented a milestone for character animation.

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Rotoscoping

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1915, An animation technique where animators trace over live-action film to create realistic movements.

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