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The History of Animation
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The Illusion of Life
1981, A book by two Disney animators that outlined the twelve basic principles of animation still used today.
The Adventures of Andre and Wally B.
1984, One of the first fully computer-animated films, showcasing advanced techniques like motion blur.
Flash Animation
2000s, A digital animation technology that gained popularity for its accessible and web-friendly format.
Morphing in Animation
1982, A visual effect in which one image transforms into another, which became widely used in films and animation.
Zoetrope
1866, A device that produced the illusion of motion by displaying a sequence of drawings showing progressive phases of that motion.
Computer Animation Production System (CAPS)
1989, A digital ink and paint system developed by Disney and Pixar, which brought a move away from traditional cel animation.
The First Computer Animated Film
1972, 'A Computer Animated Hand' created by Ed Catmull and Fred Parke showcased the potential of 3D computer graphics.
Toy Story
1995, The first entirely computer-animated feature film, marking a new era in animation.
Stop Motion Animation
1920s, This technique involves photographing an object one frame at a time, with physical changes made between frames to create the illusion of movement.
VR Animation
2016, A new storytelling medium that allows for immersive experiences, with films like 'Invasion!' leading the way.
Cel Animation
1914, The traditional method of animation using hand-drawn images on transparent sheets called 'cels'.
Digital 2D Animation
Early 2000s, The transition from traditional cel animation to computerized versions allowed for more efficient creation and manipulation of 2D animations.
Xerography in Animation
1961, A technique that allowed animators to photocopy their drawings directly onto the cels, leading to cost-saving and efficiency.
Phenakistoscope
1833, An early animation device that created a fluid illusion of motion from a series of pictures.
Performance Capture
2009, 'Avatar' revolutionized this technology, capturing actors’ movements and expressions to animate photorealistic digital characters.
Steamboat Willie
1928, Disney’s first animated cartoon with synchronized sound and introduced Mickey Mouse.
Multiplane Camera
1937, Revolutionized the look of animation by adding depth to scenes with multiple layers.
Direct Animation
1930s, A technique where animators physically manipulate or draw directly on film strips, bypassing the need for cameras.
Gertie the Dinosaur
1914, One of the first animated films to feature a dinosaur, Gertie, which represented a milestone for character animation.
Rotoscoping
1915, An animation technique where animators trace over live-action film to create realistic movements.
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