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Postfix notation is a linear representation of a syntax tree where operators follow their operands; it eliminates the need for parentheses. It's useful for quick and efficient expression evaluation by compilers or interpreters.

Quadruples are a method of intermediate representation that expresses instructions as four-tuples, typically (operator, operand1, operand2, result). They support easily transformable representations for optimizations and are often used in code generation.

A DAG is used to represent expressions where nodes are operators and leaves are operands. It can detect common subexpressions and eliminate redundant calculations, aiding in code optimization.

Intermediate code generation translates abstract syntax trees into a lower-level intermediate code which may be in the form of TAC, quadruples, triples, or other representations. It's a bridge between source code and machine code that makes analysis and optimization more manageable.

SSA is a representation that requires each variable to be assigned exactly once. It introduces φ-functions to merge values from different control flow paths. It's widely used in optimization phases of compilers for its simplicity in variable tracking and dead code elimination.

TAC is a form of intermediate representation where each instruction contains at most three operands. It is useful for target-independent optimization and easy mapping to assembly code.

A CFG represents a program's control flow, usually in the context of a single function or basic block. It's a useful tool for optimizations like loop analysis and helps in understanding the structure of the code.

An AST is a tree representation of the syntactic structure of source code. It's used in semantic analysis stages of a compiler and forms the basis for further intermediate representations.

Triples are similar to quadruples but do not include an explicit result location; the result is implicitly the position of the triple itself. This representation is useful when the final storage locations are not yet determined.