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A predefined value that a column will assume when a new record is inserted without specifying a value for that column. Significance: It simplifies data entry and ensures consistency in data.

The structure that defines the organization of data in a database, including tables, columns, types, and relationships. Significance: It's essential for understanding the data model and for database design.

Defines the kind of values that can be stored in a column. Significance: It ensures data integrity and helps in validating the operations performed on the data.

A column or group of columns in a relational database table that provides a link between data in two tables. Significance: It enforces referential integrity by ensuring that the value in one table matches a value in another table.

A prepared SQL code that you can save and reuse. Significance: Increases performance, reusability, and modularity, and can reduce vulnerabilities to SQL injection attacks.

An ordered list that is used to speed up the retrieval operations on a database table. Significance: Greatly improves query performance.

A constraint that ensures all values in a column or a group of columns are unique across a database table. Significance: Prevents duplicate entries in specified columns.

A rule applied to a column or a set of columns in a database table to limit the type of data that can to it. Significance: Ensures data accuracy and integrity.

A type of integrity constraint in a database that enforces a specified requirement on data in a database table. Significance: Prevents invalid data from being entered into a column.

A stored procedure in a database which automatically invokes whenever a certain type of operation is performed. Significance: Maintains the integrity of the data across tables by enforcing certain actions.

A column or a set of columns that uniquely identifies each row in a table. Significance: It's essential for relational integrity and is used to reference rows in other tables.