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It states that it is impossible for a distributed data store to simultaneously provide more than two out of three guarantees: Consistency, Availability, and Partition Tolerance.

Management of simultaneous operations without conflicting with each other ensuring the correctness of a computation.

A system in which components located on networked computers communicate and coordinate their actions by passing messages.

The capacity of a system to continue operating properly in the event of the failure of some of its components.

The system continues to operate despite arbitrary partitioning due to network failures.

The process of sharing information across multiple nodes to ensure consistency and fault-tolerance of data.

Software that provides common services and capabilities to applications outside of what's offered by the operating system. It can also allow applications to communicate and manage data across distributed systems.

The process of distributing work across multiple computing resources in order to achieve optimal resource utilization, minimize response time, and avoid overload of any single resource.

A type of communication where the sender waits for the receiver to acknowledge receipt of the message before proceeding.

All nodes see the same data at the same time. A system is considered consistent if a transaction starts with the system in a consistent state, and ends with the system in a consistent state.

The ability of a system to handle a growing amount of work by adding resources to the system.

The degree to which a system suffers from downtime. A system is considered available if it is ready to be used by the clients when requested.

The guarantee that, given enough time without new updates, all accesses to a given data item will eventually return the last updated value.

A server that does not keep the internal state of the client between requests. Each request is treated as new with no knowledge of prior requests.