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Distributed Databases

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ACID Properties

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Stands for Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability. Essential properties that ensure reliable transaction processing in database systems.

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CAP Theorem

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States that a distributed system can only simultaneously provide two out of the following three guarantees: Consistency, Availability, and Partition Tolerance.

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Eventual Consistency

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A consistency model which allows for temporary data inconsistencies, guaranteeing that all nodes will eventually become consistent.

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Two-Phase Commit (2PC)

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A distributed algorithm which allows nodes in a distributed system to agree on a proposed transaction. It is atomic, ensuring that transactions either commit on all nodes or abort.

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Sharding

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A method of splitting and distributing a single logical database into a cluster of databases to spread load.

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Replication

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The process of storing copies of data on multiple nodes to ensure reliability and fault-tolerance.

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Paxos

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A family of protocols for solving consensus in a network of unreliable processors (sometimes referred to as a 'distributed system').

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MapReduce

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A programming model and an associated implementation for processing and generating big data sets with a distributed algorithm.

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Raft

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Consensus algorithm designed to be more understandable than Paxos. Used to manage a replicated log in a distributed system.

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DynamoDB

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A fully managed NoSQL database service provided by Amazon Web Services (AWS) with built-in security, backup and restore, and in-memory caching for internet-scale applications.

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MongoDB

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An open-source NoSQL database that uses a document-oriented database model which supports various forms of data models.

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Cassandra

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An open-source distributed NoSQL database system designed to handle large amounts of data across many commodity servers without a single point of failure.

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Couchbase

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A distributed NoSQL cloud database that combines the power of key-value stores with JSON document databases for flexible data modeling.

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Riak

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A distributed NoSQL key-value data store that offers high availability, fault tolerance, operational simplicity, and scalability.

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Redis

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An open-source in-memory data structure store, used as a database, cache, and message broker, which supports various kinds of data structures.

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