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Introduction of New World Crops

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Jicama

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Region of origin: Mexico; Impact on global foodways: Crunchy texture, eaten raw or cooked, incorporated in salads and slaws.

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Sunflower

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Region of origin: North America; Impact on global foodways: Sunflower oil is widely used, seeds are eaten as a snack, important for birdseed.

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Tomato

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Region of origin: South America; Impact on global foodways: Integral to Mediterranean cuisine, crucial in Italian, Spanish, and Middle Eastern dishes.

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Chili Pepper

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Region of origin: Mexico; Impact on global foodways: Essential heat source in various cuisines, from Indian to Thai to Mexican.

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Sweet Potato

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Region of origin: Central and South America; Impact on global foodways: Consumed worldwide, nutritious, can be prepared in various ways.

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Cassava

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Region of origin: South America; Impact on global foodways: Staple food in Africa, source of tapioca, requires careful preparation to remove toxins.

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Blueberry

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Region of origin: North America; Impact on global foodways: Consumed fresh, frozen, or in jams and desserts, notable for high antioxidant levels.

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Potato

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Region of origin: Andes Mountains, South America; Impact on global foodways: Staple food in many countries, pivotal in Irish history, versatile crop.

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Amaranth

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Region of origin: Mesoamerica; Impact on global foodways: Protein-rich grain, gaining popularity as a health food, used in traditional ceremonies.

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Maize (Corn)

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Region of origin: Mexico; Impact on global foodways: Major grain crop, used in various forms from cornmeal to sweetcorn, biofuel production.

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Quinoa

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Region of origin: Andean region of South America; Impact on global foodways: Gluten-free grain alternative, high in protein, part of the global health food trend.

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Squash (incl. Pumpkin)

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Region of origin: North America; Impact on global foodways: Diverse varieties used in cuisines worldwide, associated with autumnal dishes and holidays.

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Tobacco

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Region of origin: The Americas; Impact on global foodways: Major cash crop, integral to the history of global trade and colonial enterprises.

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Avocado

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Region of origin: Mexico, Central America; Impact on global foodways: Popular in salads and spreads like guacamole, symbol of millennial food culture.

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Guava

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Region of origin: Central America; Impact on global foodways: Consumed fresh, in juices, and as jelly, rich in vitamin C, common in tropical climates.

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Peanut

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Region of origin: South America; Impact on global foodways: Widely consumed as a snack, used in cooking, source of oil and protein.

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Pineapple

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Region of origin: South America; Impact on global foodways: Eaten fresh, canned, and used in juice; a symbol of hospitality in many cultures.

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Papaya

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Region of origin: Mexico, Central America; Impact on global foodways: Eaten fresh, used in tropical fruit salads, and contains enzymes useful in meat tenderization.

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Chocolate (Cacao)

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Region of origin: Amazon Basin; Impact on global foodways: Basis of chocolate, significant in confectionery and desserts, important trade commodity.

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Vanilla

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Region of origin: Mesoamerica; Impact on global foodways: Key flavoring in desserts, ice cream, and perfumes, labor-intensive to produce.

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