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Geo-economics of Natural Resources
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Flashcards
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Peak Oil
The hypothesis that global oil production will reach a maximum and decline has led to diversification into alternative energy and conservation strategies.
Solar Energy
With decreasing costs, it is becoming an economically viable alternative to fossil fuels. Strategic considerations include land use, storage technology, and photovoltaic efficiency.
Non-renewable Resources
Their scarcity and eventual depletion have significant economic implications, necessitating strategic investment in alternatives and efficient extraction technologies.
Hydroelectric Power
Provides stable, renewable energy but can have environmental and social impacts. Strategic considerations involve dam construction, ecosystem impacts, and displacement of communities.
Mineral Rights
They dictate who can extract minerals, impacting economic benefits distribution. Strategic considerations involve regulation, environmental impact assessments, and local community engagement.
Ecological Footprint
Indicates the demand on Earth's ecosystems and can guide economic policies toward sustainability. Strategies include reducing consumption, increasing efficiency, and promoting green technology adoption.
Green Economy
Focuses on sustainable development without degrading the environment. Strategic considerations include policy frameworks that promote green jobs and technology.
Biofuels
Biofuels can provide energy security and rural development but may compete with food production. Strategic considerations include balancing energy and food security and technological advancements.
Wind Energy
A source of clean, renewable electricity with strategic importance in energy diversification and rural economic development.
OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries)
OPEC influences oil prices globally, affecting economies dependent on oil exports or imports. Strategic considerations involve balancing member interests and global oil supply management.
Deforestation
It impacts economic activities like agriculture and timber, but strategic considerations call for sustainable management and reforestation to balance economic and environmental goals.
Water Scarcity
Water scarcity can constrain economic activities, especially in agriculture and industry. Strategies encompass efficient water management, desalination, and transboundary cooperation.
Geopolitical Energy Security
Economic significance lies in the stabilization of energy prices and supply. Strategic considerations involve diversifying energy sources and securing transport routes.
Food Security
Essential for economic stability and development, food security strategies focus on increasing agricultural productivity, adapting to climate change, and creating resilient food systems.
Soil Degradation
Economic importance in food production and carbon sequestration. Strategies involve sustainable agricultural practices, reforestation, and combating desertification.
Renewable Resources
Renewable resources can sustain economic growth with reduced environmental impacts. Strategies include investing in renewable energy technologies and encouraging sustainable practices.
Arctic Shipping Routes
They reduce transit times, affecting global trade dynamics. Strategically, nations consider sovereignty claims, environmental protection, and military presence.
Rare Earth Elements (REEs)
REEs are critical for high-tech industries. Economic significance includes trade dependency and price volatility. Strategic considerations involve securing supply chains and developing alternative resources.
Conflict Minerals
The trade in resources from conflict zones can finance conflicts and human rights abuses. Strategies include supply chain regulation, due diligence, and international trade laws.
Carbon Trading
Economically, it creates a market for reducing emissions. Strategies include setting appropriate cap levels, ensuring market liquidity, and preventing fraud.
Energy Transition
The shift to low-carbon energy sources is crucial for climate change mitigation. Economically, it involves managing the phase-out of fossil fuel industries and investing in clean energy infrastructure.
Fracking (Hydraulic Fracturing)
Revolutionized energy markets but raised environmental concerns. Economic strategies focus on energy independence while managing water usage, contamination risks, and earthquakes.
Geothermal Energy
Provides a steady energy source, with economic significance in areas with high geothermal activity. Strategic considerations include technology development and the management of geological risks.
Urbanization
Affects land use, energy consumption, and waste generation. Strategies for sustainable urban growth include smart city planning, public transportation, and green building practices.
Sustainable Fisheries
Overfishing threatens economic stability and marine ecosystems. Strategies include enforcing quotas, promoting aquaculture, and protecting biodiversity.
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