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Renewable vs Non-renewable Resources

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Solar Energy

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Renewable – Solar energy is harnessed from the sun and is practically limitless.

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Coal

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Non-renewable – Coal is a fossil fuel that takes millions of years to form and resources are finite.

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Sand

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Non-renewable (with conditions) – Sand is widely used in construction and the rate of extraction often exceeds natural replenishment.

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Fish Stocks

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Renewable (with sustainable fishing) – Fish populations can replenish if harvested at sustainable rates.

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Petroleum

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Non-renewable – Crude oil is a liquid fossil fuel that is extracted and processed, with supplies that will deplete.

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Freshwater

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Renewable (with conditions) – Freshwater is part of the water cycle but can become scarce due to overuse and pollution.

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Tidal Energy

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Renewable – Generated by the movement of tides and is constant due to gravitational forces between Earth, moon, and sun.

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Aluminum

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Non-renewable – Aluminum is extracted from bauxite ore and reserves are finite.

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Lumber

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Renewable (with sustainable forestry) – Trees can regrow and continue to provide lumber if forests are managed responsibly.

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Wind Energy

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Renewable – Wind energy is generated by using the wind to spin turbines, and wind is a constant natural phenomenon.

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Hydropower

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Renewable – Derived from the energy of flowing water, and the water cycle ensures constant renewal.

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Peat

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Non-renewable (arguably renewable over very long time scales) – Peat is an accumulation of partially decayed vegetation which takes centuries to form.

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Geothermal Energy

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Renewable – Originates from Earth's heat and is continuously produced inside the Earth.

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Biomass

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Renewable (with conditions) – Biomass energy comes from organic material and is renewable if managed sustainably.

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Natural Gas

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Non-renewable – Natural gas is a fossil fuel created through geological processes over long periods, with limited reserves.

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Thorium

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Non-renewable – Thorium is a radioactive element used in some nuclear reactors, and global reserves are finite.

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Wave Energy

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Renewable – Obtained from the surface movements of the sea and is endless as long as there are winds to create waves.

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Soil Fertility

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Renewable (with sustainable practices) – Soil fertility can be maintained and improved through natural processes and proper land management.

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Copper

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Non-renewable – Copper is a metal resource extracted from the Earth and has limited supplies.

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Uranium

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Non-renewable – Uranium is a mineral used in nuclear power, and deposits are finite.

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