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Fashion Vocabulary Basics

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Silhouette

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The overall shape or outline of an outfit or clothing item.

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Haute Couture

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French term for 'high sewing' or 'high dressmaking'; refers to the creation of exclusive custom-fitted clothing.

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Ready-to-Wear

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Clothing that is mass-produced in standard sizes and sold to the public without custom tailoring.

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Fast Fashion

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An approach to the design, creation, and marketing of clothing fashions that emphasizes making fashion trends quickly and cheaply available to consumers.

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Draping

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A technique where the fabric is pinned and hung on a mannequin to create the structure of a garment.

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Vintage

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Referring to clothing from a previous era, typically at least 20 years old.

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Avant-Garde

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Innovative, pushing the boundaries of what is accepted as the norm or the status quo, primarily in the cultural realm.

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Empire Waist

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A type of dress or top where the waist line is raised above the natural waistline, sometimes as high as right below the bust.

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Peplum

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A short, flared, gathered, or pleated strip of fabric attached at the waist of a woman's jacket, dress, or blouse to create a hanging frill or flounce.

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Pleat

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A type of fold formed by doubling fabric back upon itself and securing it in place.

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Ruching

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A gathered overlay of fabric strips that are pleated, fluted, or gathered together to create a ripple-like effect.

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Sheath Dress

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A type of dress designed to fit closely to the contours of the body, with a straight cut and no waist seam.

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Capsule Wardrobe

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A collection of a few essential items of clothing that don't go out of fashion, which can then be augmented with seasonal pieces.

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Flannel

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A soft woven fabric, typically made of wool or cotton and slightly milled and raised.

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Ombre

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A French term referring to the gradual blending of one color hue to another, usually moving tints and shades from light to dark.

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Lapel

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The folded flaps of cloth on the front of a jacket or coat and are most often found on formal clothing and suit jackets.

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Bias Cut

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A technique used by tailors and dress-makers for cutting cloth diagonal to the grain of the fabric, enabling it to cling more fluidly to the body.

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Brocade

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A class of richly decorative shuttle-woven fabrics, often made in colored silks and with or without gold and silver threads.

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Color Blocking

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The design process of taking bold and often contrasting colors and piecing them together in blocks on various garments.

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Trompe-l'oeil

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French for 'deceive the eye', it is an art technique involving extremely realistic imagery in order to create the optical illusion that the depicted objects appear in three dimensions.

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Chiffon

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A lightweight, sheer fabric made from cotton, silk, or synthetic fibers.

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Herringbone

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A distinctive V-shaped weaving pattern usually found in twill fabric. It is distinguished from a plain chevron by the break at reversal, which makes it resemble a broken zigzag.

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Argyle

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A pattern made of diamonds or lozenges. The word is sometimes used to refer to an individual diamond in the design but more commonly refers to the overall pattern.

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Jacquard

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Fabrics with an intricately woven pattern. The design is not embroidered but woven directly into the fabric.

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Bohemian

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Also known as 'Boho', this style focuses on free-flowing fabrics, natural materials, and ethnic patterns. It embodies a carefree, relaxed, and unconventional lifestyle.

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Croquis

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A quick and sketchy drawing of a live model. In the world of fashion design, croquis are used as a template to sketch designs.

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Mules

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Shoes or slippers with no fitting around the heel (i.e., they are backless).

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Tailoring

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The art of designing, fitting, fabricating, and finishing garments. The word 'tailor', which appeared in the English language around the thirteenth century, comes from the French word 'tailler', meaning to cut.

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Monochrome

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A color scheme that uses only one hue. The hue can vary in brightness and lightness, or the design can use different shades and tints of that hue.

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