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Public Health Ethics and Policy
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Flashcards
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Autonomy
Refers to the right of individuals to make informed decisions about their own health and body without coercion or interference. Case example: An individual decides whether or not to receive a new type of vaccine.
Privacy and Confidentiality
Ensuring individuals' health data and personal information are kept private. Case example: Protecting patient records from unauthorized access within a hospital.
Respect for Persons
Acknowledges the value and autonomy of individuals by ensuring informed consent and honoring their choices. Case example: Healthcare professionals seeking informed consent before any medical procedure.
Public Trust
Maintaining the population's trust in health institutions, which is crucial for public health measures' effectiveness. Case example: Transparent communication during a public health crisis.
Health Equity
Striving for the highest level of health for all people by addressing avoidable inequalities and injustices. Case example: Interventions that aim to reduce health disparities in underprivileged communities.
Justice
Focuses on the fair distribution of healthcare resources and services. Case example: Allocating limited ICU beds during a pandemic by considering both need and potential for recovery.
Non-maleficence
The duty to do no harm. Healthcare providers must avoid treatments or interventions that might cause unnecessary harm. Case example: Deciding against the use of a medication with severe potential side effects when a safer alternative is available.
Beneficence
Obligation to act in the best interest of the patient or population. Case example: A program to distribute free flu vaccines to vulnerable populations.
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