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Women in Space Exploration

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First American woman to walk in space

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Kathryn D. Sullivan - On October 11, 1984, she became the first American woman to walk in space during Space Shuttle Challenger mission STS-41-G.

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First woman to command a Space Shuttle mission

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Eileen Collins - In 1999, she became the first female commander of a Space Shuttle mission on STS-93, which deployed the Chandra X-ray Observatory.

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Played a key role in developing the propulsion system for Mars rover Curiosity

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Ashwin Vasavada - As the project scientist for Mars Science Laboratory, she played a significant role in developing the rover Curiosity's propulsion system which enabled the precise landing on Mars.

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First Canadian woman in space

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Roberta Bondar - She flew on the Space Shuttle Discovery in 1992 on mission STS-42, conducting scientific experiments as part of the International Microgravity Laboratory.

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First woman to spend over a year in space during a single mission

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Christina Koch - She set the record for the longest continuous time in space by a woman with a total of 328 days on the International Space Station during the 2019-2020 Expedition 61 and 62.

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First woman to command the International Space Station

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Peggy Whitson - She was the first woman to command the International Space Station in 2008 and again in 2017, with a distinguished career that includes several spaceflight records.

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Co-inventor of the space bumper shielding

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Taylor Wang - She co-invented the shuttle-borne space bumper known as the 'Whipple shield', which has been used to protect spacecraft from impacts of micrometeoroids and space debris.

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Designed possible mission trajectories for the New Horizons mission to Pluto

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Yanping Guo - She is an aerospace engineer at Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory who formulated possible mission trajectories for the New Horizons spacecraft en route to Pluto.

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Developed the software for the first portable life support system

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Ann K. McClain - Prior to becoming an astronaut, she was a test pilot and engineer who developed the software for the first portable life support system backpacks that are worn during spacewalks.

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High-energy astrophysicist who discovered pulsars

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Jocelyn Bell Burnell - As a graduate student, she discovered the first radio pulsars in 1967, which provided new insights into the understanding of neutron stars.

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First woman to fly on a Space Shuttle

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Sally Ride - In 1983, she became the first American woman in space as a crew member on Space Shuttle Challenger for STS-7.

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Contributed to the discovery of dark matter in the Universe

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Vera Rubin - She provided crucial data on the rotation of spiral galaxies, which led to the confirmation of the existence of dark matter.

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Proposed the heliophysics concept of 'solar wind'

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Dr. Eugene Parker - A theoretical astrophysicist, Parker proposed the existence of the solar wind in 1958. While not a woman, his contributions are seminal in the field of heliophysics.

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An astronomer who confirmed the presence of a supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way

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Andrea Ghez - By studying the motions of stars near the center of our galaxy, her work provided the best evidence of the existence of Sagittarius A*, the Milky Way's central supermassive black hole.

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Managed and operated the Hubble Space Telescope

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Kathryn C. Thornton - As a NASA astronaut with several Space Shuttle flights, she has conducted multiple spacewalks to service the Hubble Space Telescope, including installing new instruments and repairing various components.

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