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Women Who Shaped Social Reforms
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Advocacy for the Poor and Homeless
Dame Cicely Saunders - founded the hospice movement, advocated for compassionate care for the dying.
Mental Health Care Reform
Dorothea Dix - 19th-century activist, lobbied for the improvement of institutions for the mentally ill.
Labor Rights Movement
Mother Jones - Irish-born American schoolteacher and dressmaker, became a prominent organized labor representative and community organizer.
Reproductive Rights
Simone Veil - French lawyer and politician, oversaw the legalization of abortion in France with the 'Veil Law'.
Prison Reform
Elizabeth Fry - English social reformer, improved prison conditions for women and children.
HIV/AIDS Awareness
Elizabeth Glaser - American AIDS activist, co-founded the Pediatric AIDS Foundation, increased public attention towards pediatric AIDS.
Consumer Protection
Ralph Nader - although not a woman, influenced many women activists with his work on consumer rights and protections, author of 'Unsafe at Any Speed'.
Anti-Slavery Movement
Harriet Tubman - abolitionist, led many enslaved people to freedom via the Underground Railroad.
Women's Suffrage Movement
Susan B. Anthony - campaigned for women's right to vote, co-founded the National Woman's Suffrage Association.
Child Welfare and Education
Maria Montessori - Italian physician and educator, developed the Montessori method of education.
Disability Rights Movement
Judy Heumann - American disability rights activist, played a key role in the development and implementation of major legislation like the IDEA, Section 504, and the ADA.
LGBTQ+ Rights Movement
Marsha P. Johnson - transgender woman who was a prominent figure in the Stonewall uprising, co-founded the Gay Liberation Front.
Birth Control Movement
Margaret Sanger - advocated for birth control, established organizations that evolved into Planned Parenthood.
Educational Reform
Mary McLeod Bethune - educator, stateswoman, and civil rights activist, founded Bethune-Cookman University.
Civil Rights Movement
Rosa Parks - her refusal to give up her bus seat sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott, symbol of resistance to racial segregation.
Environmental Conservation
Rachel Carson - American marine biologist, author of 'Silent Spring', which contributed to the environmental movement and the eventual ban of DDT.
Women's Health
Virginia Apgar - developed the Apgar Score, a quick test performed on newborns assessing their health and determining the need for extra medical care.
Peace Movement
Jane Addams - co-founded the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, and known for her work with the Hull House.
Gender Equality in Education
Malala Yousafzai - Pakistani activist for female education, survived an assassination attempt by the Taliban, Nobel Prize laureate.
Food and Drug Safety
Upton Sinclair - though not a woman, penned 'The Jungle', highlighting the need for food and drug safety, which led to the establishment of the FDA.
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