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Disability Law and Accessibility
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Flashcards
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Direct Threat
A significant risk of substantial harm to the health or safety of the individual or others that cannot be eliminated or reduced by reasonable accommodation.
Effective Communication
Communication that ensures that individuals with disabilities can communicate with, receive information from, and convey information to others as effectively as individuals without disabilities.
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Civil rights law that prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in all areas of public life, including jobs, schools, transportation, and all public and private places that are open to the general public.
Reasonable Accommodation
Modifications or adjustments to a job, the work environment, or the way things are usually done to enable an individual with a disability to enjoy equal employment opportunities.
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act
A federal civil rights law that prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities by programs and activities that receive federal financial assistance.
Disability Discrimination
The unequal treatment of individuals because of their disability, which is illegal under various laws including the ADA and the Rehabilitation Act.
Inclusive Education
An approach to education where students with and without disabilities learn together in the same classrooms with appropriate supports to benefit all.
Undue Hardship
A legal concept that refers to significant difficulty or expense incurred by an employer to provide accommodations for an individual with a disability.
Essential Functions
The fundamental job duties of a position that an individual with a disability must be able to perform with or without reasonable accommodation.
Disability
A physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities; also can refer to a record of such an impairment or being regarded as having such an impairment.
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
A federal law that requires public schools to provide free and appropriate education to eligible students with disabilities through special education and related services.
Exercise of Rights
The act of an individual with a disability claiming or using their legal rights, such as requiring reasonable accommodations in the workplace or filing a complaint if discriminated against.
Mediation in Disability Disputes
A voluntary process where a neutral third party assists those in a dispute, such as between an individual with a disability and an employer, to reach a mutually acceptable agreement.
Qualified Individual with a Disability
An individual with a disability who, with or without reasonable accommodation, can perform the essential functions of the employment position that such person holds or desires.
Auxiliary Aids and Services
Tools and services provided to individuals with disabilities to ensure effective communication or participation, such as interpreters, captioning, or assistive listening devices.
Universal Design
The design of products and environments to be usable by all people, to the greatest extent possible, without the need for adaptation or specialized design.
Disparate Impact
A theory of discrimination based on the premise that a policy or practice, while neutral on its face, has a disproportionately negative impact on a protected group, such as people with disabilities.
Service Animal
An animal that is individually trained to do work or perform tasks for the benefit of an individual with a disability, including physical, sensory, psychiatric, intellectual, or other mental disabilities.
Accessibility
The design and composition of an environment, so individuals with disabilities can access areas and services, and use facilities and resources.
Major Life Activities
Basic activities that an average person can perform with little or no difficulty, such as walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, working, caring for oneself, and performing manual tasks.
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