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HCQIA provides 'safe harbor' provisions to protect hospitals and healthcare entities from antitrust laws when conducting peer review, as long as the process aims to improve quality healthcare and follows HCQIA standards.

A criterion under HCQIA wherein peer review actions must be taken after a reasonable effort to obtain the facts of the case. This standard promotes careful and responsible decision-making in the peer review process.

Mandated by HCQIA, hospitals must report certain adverse actions involving physician clinical privileges to the NPDB. This ensures a central information resource for hospitals to consult during the credentialing process.

Created under HCQIA, the NPDB is a repository of reports on medical malpractice payments, adverse licensure actions, and professional society memberships, which can be used by hospitals and other healthcare entities for credentialing purposes.

The Healthcare Quality Improvement Act of 1986 was enacted to improve the quality of medical care by providing legal immunity to professional peer review bodies and reducing the economic threat to physicians from potential litigation.

Peer review under HCQIA refers to the evaluation of a healthcare professional's performance by their colleagues, which can lead to sanctioning if standards are not met. It is intended to maintain high standards of care and discourage incompetent practice.

This refers to a decision made through peer review that negatively affects a physician's ability to practice, which must be reported to the NPDB. It ensures that information about potentially incompetent practitioners is shared to protect patient safety.

Under HCQIA, peer review bodies must follow due process when evaluating practitioners, which includes giving notice of the proposed action, providing a fair hearing, and allowing for an appeal. This helps to ensure the process is fair and reasonable.

HCQIA provides immunity from monetary damages for professionals engaged in peer review actions, as long as they believe their actions are in furtherance of quality healthcare and they follow a fair process. This encourages honest peer assessment without fear of reprisal.