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Dynamical Systems and Phase Plane Analysis
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Phase plane analysis of competing species
Lotka-Volterra model, coexistence equilibrium, species competition or cooperation
Predator-prey models
Lotka-Volterra equations, oscillatory dynamics, predator-prey interactions
Dynamics of a damped pendulum
Damped harmonic oscillator, phase plane trajectories, energy dissipation
Existence of limit cycles
Poincaré-Bendixson Theorem, non-existence in linear systems, criteria for limit cycles existence
Stability of critical points
Lyapunov's direct method, stability, asymptotic stability, and instability
Bifurcation theory
Saddle-node, transcritical, pitchfork, and Hopf bifurcations, parameter changes leading to new behavior
Epidemiological models in phase plane
SIR model, endemic equilibria, threshold phenomena
Linear systems and their solutions
Eigenvalues and eigenvectors, types of nodes and spirals, direction fields
Conservative systems
Conservation of energy, closed orbits, Hamiltonian systems
Nonlinear systems and linearization
Hartman-Grobman theorem, Jacobian matrix, local behavior near critical points
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