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Articulation Markings

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Fermata ( 𝄐 )

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A symbol placed above a note or a rest indicating the note or rest should be held longer than its notated value. The exact length is left to the discretion of the performer or conductor.

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Portato ( —[ . ]— )

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A combination of legato and staccato, indicating a smooth but distinct articulation for each note within a slur.

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Arpeggio ( 🎵 )

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A type of broken chord where the notes are played in succession, usually from lowest to highest.

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Spiccato ( —, )

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A bowing technique for string instruments where the bow bounces lightly upon the string, creating a short, distinct note.

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Tremolo ( /// )

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A rapid repetition of a single note or an alternation between two or more notes, creating a trembling effect.

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Glissando ( gliss. )

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A continuous slide upward or downward between two notes.

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Mordent ( mord. )

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An ornamentation where a note is rapidly alternated with the note immediately below it and then returned to the original note.

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Staccato ( . )

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A dot above or below a note that indicates the note should be played shorter than notated, usually half the value, with a separation from the following note.

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Accent ( > )

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An accent marking indicates that the note should be emphasized or played with more force.

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Legato ( — )

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A smooth and connected style of playing where notes are connected without separation.

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Marcato ( ^ )

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A style of articulation that combines an accent and staccato, often indicating a note to be played louder and more pronounced, but with a sharp release.

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Tenuto ( — )

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A marking that indicates holding the note for its full value, or slightly longer, often with a focus on sustaining the sound.

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Rinforzando ( rfz )

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A directive to suddenly increase the strength or volume of a particular note or phrase.

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Breath Mark ( ' )

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A symbol that suggests a place where a singer or wind player can take a breath without disrupting the flow of music.

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Sforzando ( sfz )

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Indicates a sudden, sharp accent on a note or chord, where the note is played forcefully and then immediately softer.

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Trill ( tr )

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A rapid alternation between the indicated note and the one above it, according to the key signature, for the duration of the notated value.

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Turn ( 🎵 )

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An ornament that consists of four notes: the main note, the note above, the main note again, and the note below.

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Staccatissimo ( ^ )

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An articulation that indicates a note should be played even shorter than a staccato, with a very sharp and detached effect.

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Caesura ( // )

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A complete pause in a piece of music, also known as 'railroad tracks' or 'grand pause'.

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Pizzicato ( pizz. )

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A playing technique where string instruments are plucked with the fingers instead of being bowed.

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