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Musical Symbols & Their Meanings
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𝄞
G Clef, Indicates the pitch of the notes on the staff
𝄢
F Clef, Indicates the pitch of the notes on the staff
𝄡
C Clef, Indicates the pitch of the notes on the staff
♩
Quarter Note, Basic unit of time in music
𝄐
Fermata, Hold the note longer than its usual value
𝄪
Double Sharp, Raise a note by two half steps
𝄫
Double Flat, Lower a note by two half steps
p
Piano, Play softly
f
Forte, Play loudly
mf
Mezzo Forte, Play moderately loudly
𝄆
Repeat Sign, Repeat a section of music
𝄇
Da Capo (D.C.), Repeat from the beginning
𝄈
Dal Segno (D.S.), Repeat from the sign
𝄉
Segno, Special sign that marks a section to be repeated
𝄊
Coda, An added ending section of a piece of music
r
Rest, Silence in music for a specific duration
♮
Natural, Cancels a sharp or flat
𝄻
Breath Mark, Indicates a place to take a breath
𝄿
Caesura, Indicates a brief, silent pause
𝄴
Flat, Lowers a note by a half step
#
Sharp, Raises a note by a half step
𝄸
Turn, An ornament consisting of four notes
𝄚
Accent, Emphasize the note
𝄞𝄽
Trill, Rapid alternation between two notes
𝄮
Mordent, Rapid alternation between a note, the note below it, and the note again
𝄻
Tie, Connects two notes of the same pitch
𝄚𝄜
Slur, Play the notes smoothly and connectedly
𝄬
Staccato, Play the notes short and detached
𝄡
Sforzando (sfz), Sudden strong emphasis on a note or chord
𝄜
Glissando, Slide from one note to another
𝄠
Arpeggio, Notes of a chord are played in quick succession, one after the other
Grace Note, An extra note added as an embellishment and not counted in the rhythm
Diminuendo, Gradually get softer
Crescendo, Gradually get louder
Ritardando, Gradually slow down the tempo
A Tempo, Return to the original tempo
Accelerando, Gradually speed up the tempo
𝄞𝄢
Glissando with Transfer, Slide from one note to another transferring between hands or instruments
𝄐𝄔
Fermata with Pause, Hold the note longer than usual with an additional pause
𝄜𝄞
Glissando with Accent, Slide from one note to another starting with a strong attack
Forte-Piano, Play loudly then immediately softly
Sforzando Fortissimo, A very strong, sudden emphasis
𝄻𝄬
Tie with Staccato, Connect notes of the same pitch with an abrupt release
𝄚𝄜
Slur with Staccato, Play connected notes each with a slight separation
𝄞𝄻𝄮
Trill with Ending Note, A trill followed by a final, concluding note
𝄴𝄪
Flat with Change, Lower a note by a half step, indicating a key change or modal change
#𝄫
Sharp with Double Flat, Raises a note that was previously lowered by two half steps
Pianissississimo, Play extremely softly
Fortissississimo, Play extremely loudly
𝄞𝄽𝄚𝄜
Trill with Accent, Rapid alternation between two notes starting with an accent
𝄚𝄬
Accent with Staccato, Emphasize the note and play it shortly
𝄫𝄞
Double Flat with Tie, Extend the duration of a note that is lowered by two half steps
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