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Musical Symbols & Their Meanings

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StarStarStarStar

f

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Forte, Play loudly

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𝄴

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Flat, Lowers a note by a half step

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𝄸

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Turn, An ornament consisting of four notes

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𝄚𝄜

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Slur, Play the notes smoothly and connectedly

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𝄞𝄢

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Glissando with Transfer, Slide from one note to another transferring between hands or instruments

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fp\textit{fp}

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Forte-Piano, Play loudly then immediately softly

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𝄮

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Mordent, Rapid alternation between a note, the note below it, and the note again

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𝄠

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Arpeggio, Notes of a chord are played in quick succession, one after the other

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𝄞𝄻𝄮

StarStarStarStar

Trill with Ending Note, A trill followed by a final, concluding note

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ffff\textit{ffff}

StarStarStarStar

Fortissississimo, Play extremely loudly

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𝄉

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Segno, Special sign that marks a section to be repeated

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𝄞𝄽

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Trill, Rapid alternation between two notes

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𝄡

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C Clef, Indicates the pitch of the notes on the staff

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𝄜𝄞

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Glissando with Accent, Slide from one note to another starting with a strong attack

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𝄆

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Repeat Sign, Repeat a section of music

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#𝄫

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Sharp with Double Flat, Raises a note that was previously lowered by two half steps

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a tempo\textit{a tempo}

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A Tempo, Return to the original tempo

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𝄞𝄽𝄚𝄜

StarStarStarStar

Trill with Accent, Rapid alternation between two notes starting with an accent

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𝄻𝄬

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Tie with Staccato, Connect notes of the same pitch with an abrupt release

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pppp\textit{pppp}

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Pianissississimo, Play extremely softly

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𝄫

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Double Flat, Lower a note by two half steps

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𝄊

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Coda, An added ending section of a piece of music

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𝄇

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Da Capo (D.C.), Repeat from the beginning

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Natural, Cancels a sharp or flat

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#

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Sharp, Raises a note by a half step

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𝄻

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Tie, Connects two notes of the same pitch

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𝄚𝄜𝄨

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Slur with Staccato, Play connected notes each with a slight separation

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𝄚𝄬

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Accent with Staccato, Emphasize the note and play it shortly

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𝄜

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Glissando, Slide from one note to another

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accel.\textit{accel.}

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Accelerando, Gradually speed up the tempo

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𝄐𝄔

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Fermata with Pause, Hold the note longer than usual with an additional pause

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𝄫𝄞

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Double Flat with Tie, Extend the duration of a note that is lowered by two half steps

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dim.\textit{dim.}

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Diminuendo, Gradually get softer

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rit.\textit{rit.}

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Ritardando, Gradually slow down the tempo

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𝄢

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F Clef, Indicates the pitch of the notes on the staff

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StarStarStarStar

Quarter Note, Basic unit of time in music

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p

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Piano, Play softly

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𝄈

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Dal Segno (D.S.), Repeat from the sign

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𝄪

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Double Sharp, Raise a note by two half steps

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𝄻

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Breath Mark, Indicates a place to take a breath

StarStarStarStar

𝄚

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Accent, Emphasize the note

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𝄬

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Staccato, Play the notes short and detached

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𝄧

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Grace Note, An extra note added as an embellishment and not counted in the rhythm

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𝄞

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G Clef, Indicates the pitch of the notes on the staff

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𝄐

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Fermata, Hold the note longer than its usual value

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mf

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Mezzo Forte, Play moderately loudly

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𝄿

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Caesura, Indicates a brief, silent pause

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𝄡

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Sforzando (sfz), Sudden strong emphasis on a note or chord

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sffz\textit{sffz}

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Sforzando Fortissimo, A very strong, sudden emphasis

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r

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Rest, Silence in music for a specific duration

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cresc.\textit{cresc.}

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Crescendo, Gradually get louder

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𝄴𝄪

StarStarStarStar

Flat with Change, Lower a note by a half step, indicating a key change or modal change

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