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Program Music and Its Conduction
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The Sorcerer's Apprentice
Composer: Paul Dukas - The programmatic elements are based on Goethe's poem of the same name, with music that vividly conjures images of the chaos caused by the uncontrolled magic of the sorcerer's apprentice.
Ma mère l'Oye (Mother Goose Suite)
Composer: Maurice Ravel - The programmatic elements are drawn from fairy tales and children's stories, each movement invoking the atmosphere of a different story.
Peer Gynt Suite
Composer: Edvard Grieg - The programmatic elements are based on Henrik Ibsen's play 'Peer Gynt', with music that evokes the spirit of the characters and scenes, including 'Morning Mood' and 'In the Hall of the Mountain King'.
Scheherazade
Composer: Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov - The programmatic elements reflect stories from 'One Thousand and One Nights', with a recurring theme representing Scheherazade herself, who weaves each tale through her violin solos.
The Four Seasons
Composer: Antonio Vivaldi - The programmatic element is the vivid portrayal of the different seasons through the violin concertos, each accompanied by a sonnet (possibly written by Vivaldi himself).
The Lark Ascending
Composer: Ralph Vaughan Williams - The piece for solo violin and orchestra mimics the flight of a skylark and its singing, reflecting the pastoral and serene landscape of the English countryside.
Ein Heldenleben (A Hero's Life)
Composer: Richard Strauss - This tone poem uses various themes to represent the hero, his adversaries, his companion, and his battlefield exploits, embodying the grandiosity and complexity of the hero's journey.
Pictures at an Exhibition
Composer: Modest Mussorgsky (orchestrated by Maurice Ravel) - The programmatic elements are the musical depiction of an art exhibition, with each movement portraying a different artwork.
Night on Bald Mountain
Composer: Modest Mussorgsky (orchestrated by Rimsky-Korsakov) - The programmatic elements describe a witches' sabbath occurring on St. John's Eve, with dynamic range and orchestration to create a chilling atmosphere.
The Moldau
Composer: Bedřich Smetana - The programmatic elements depict the course of the Vltava River as it travels through the Czech countryside, reflecting nationalistic themes.
The Carnival of the Animals
Composer: Camille Saint-Saëns - Programmatic elements include musical caricatures of various animals, each movement suggesting the movement and character of a different animal.
The Planets
Composer: Gustav Holst - The suite of seven movements represents the astrological and mythological characteristics of each planet (excluding Earth and Pluto, which had not been discovered or classified as a dwarf planet at the time).
Symphonie Fantastique
Composer: Hector Berlioz - The programmatic elements include the use of an idée fixe to represent the beloved, and vivid orchestration to depict scenes like a ball and a witches' Sabbath.
Danse Macabre
Composer: Camille Saint-Saëns - The programmatic elements are illustrated by eerie and supernatural themes to depict the dance of death, where skeletons are summoned to dance at midnight.
Till Eulenspiegel's Merry Pranks
Composer: Richard Strauss - The programmatic elements present a tone poem that vividly depicts the misadventures and pranks of the German peasant folk hero Till Eulenspiegel.
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