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Greek Theater and Origins

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Comedy

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A humorous form of drama that often includes slapstick and satirical humor.

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Ekkyklema

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A wheeled platform rolled out of a skene to reveal what had taken place offstage, usually a violent action or its aftermath.

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Skene

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A building behind the stage in ancient Greek theatre used as a dressing room and later as a backdrop for the action of the play.

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Mechane

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A crane that gave the illusion of a god supported by air, used for the appearance of gods in Greek plays.

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Theatron

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The seating area in ancient Greek theatre, carved from the hillsides with great views of the stage.

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Dithyramb

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A wild choral hymn of ancient Greece, especially one dedicated to Dionysus; a precursor to the development of drama.

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Proscenium

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The structure in front of the skene that frames the action of the play and can also refer to the stage area in front of the scenery.

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Aeschylus

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Known as the father of tragedy, he was the first of the three ancient Greek tragedians whose plays survive.

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Deus Ex Machina

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When a god would suddenly appear in a play to resolve the characters' problems, often through the use of the mechane.

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Masks

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Worn by actors in ancient Greek theatre to indicate the character's role and to amplify their voices.

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Tragedy

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A serious form of drama dealing with the downfall of a heroic or noble character.

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Thespis

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Regarded as the first actor in Greek theatre; the term 'thespian' derives from his name.

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Satyr Play

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A form of Greek drama featuring lewd jokes and satirical humor, involving characters known as satyrs.

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Euripides

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A tragedian known for his realistic characters and psychological insight.

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Aristophanes

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An ancient Greek comic playwright, known for his satirical works like 'Lysistrata' and 'The Frogs'.

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Chorus

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A group of actors who described and commented upon the main action of a play with song, dance, and recitation.

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Sophocles

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Ancient Greek tragedian, known for expanding the number of actors to allow for more complex interactions on stage.

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Dionysia

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A large festival in ancient Athens in honor of the god Dionysus, during which dramatic competitions were held.

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Orchestra

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The circular space used by the chorus in front of the proscenium in an ancient Greek theater.

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Katharsis

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The purification and purgation of emotions—particularly pity and fear—through art or any extreme change in emotion.

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