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Greek Theater and Origins
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Comedy
A humorous form of drama that often includes slapstick and satirical humor.
Ekkyklema
A wheeled platform rolled out of a skene to reveal what had taken place offstage, usually a violent action or its aftermath.
Skene
A building behind the stage in ancient Greek theatre used as a dressing room and later as a backdrop for the action of the play.
Mechane
A crane that gave the illusion of a god supported by air, used for the appearance of gods in Greek plays.
Theatron
The seating area in ancient Greek theatre, carved from the hillsides with great views of the stage.
Dithyramb
A wild choral hymn of ancient Greece, especially one dedicated to Dionysus; a precursor to the development of drama.
Proscenium
The structure in front of the skene that frames the action of the play and can also refer to the stage area in front of the scenery.
Aeschylus
Known as the father of tragedy, he was the first of the three ancient Greek tragedians whose plays survive.
Deus Ex Machina
When a god would suddenly appear in a play to resolve the characters' problems, often through the use of the mechane.
Masks
Worn by actors in ancient Greek theatre to indicate the character's role and to amplify their voices.
Tragedy
A serious form of drama dealing with the downfall of a heroic or noble character.
Thespis
Regarded as the first actor in Greek theatre; the term 'thespian' derives from his name.
Satyr Play
A form of Greek drama featuring lewd jokes and satirical humor, involving characters known as satyrs.
Euripides
A tragedian known for his realistic characters and psychological insight.
Aristophanes
An ancient Greek comic playwright, known for his satirical works like 'Lysistrata' and 'The Frogs'.
Chorus
A group of actors who described and commented upon the main action of a play with song, dance, and recitation.
Sophocles
Ancient Greek tragedian, known for expanding the number of actors to allow for more complex interactions on stage.
Dionysia
A large festival in ancient Athens in honor of the god Dionysus, during which dramatic competitions were held.
Orchestra
The circular space used by the chorus in front of the proscenium in an ancient Greek theater.
Katharsis
The purification and purgation of emotions—particularly pity and fear—through art or any extreme change in emotion.
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