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Theater Set Design Basics

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Grid

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The lattice of steel beams high above the stage from which scenery, drops, and lights are hung.

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Scrim

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A piece of fabric used in plays which can appear opaque or transparent, depending on how it is lit.

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Flats

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Lightweight frames covered with cloth or other materials to create walls or scenery on stage.

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Property or Prop

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Objects used on stage by actors during a performance, anything that is not fixed to the scenery.

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Arena Stage

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A theater space where the audience surrounds the stage area on all sides, commonly referred to as 'theater-in-the-round'.

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Gobo

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A stencil or template placed inside or in front of a light source to create a shaped shadow or pattern of light.

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Green Room

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A room in a theater where actors can relax before and after performances or between scenes when not required on stage.

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Backdrop

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A painted cloth or set piece hung at the back of a stage to represent the setting of the play.

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Legs

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Narrow vertical stage drapes used to mask the wings on either side of the stage.

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Proscenium Arch

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A type of stage configuration in a theater where the audience faces one side of the stage directly, often defined by a large arch, the proscenium.

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Stage Left/Stage Right

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Perspective terms used by performers and directors based on the actor’s point of view facing the audience, with 'stage left' being the left side, and 'stage right' the right side.

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Thrust Stage

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A stage that extends into the audience on three sides and is connected to the backstage area by its upstage end.

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Wings

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The areas that are part of a stage deck but offstage (left and right stage). The wings are used by performers and stagehands to wait out of sight before making their entrance.

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Fly Loft

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The space above the stage where sets, drops, and lights are suspended when not in use.

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Apron

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The part of the stage that extends past the proscenium arch towards the audience.

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Rake

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A stage that is slanted so that as an actor moves away from the audience, they get higher off the ground.

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Black Box Theater

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A simple performance space, typically a square room with black walls and a flat floor, that is flexible and can be arranged in various seating configurations.

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Trap

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A hidden opening in the stage floor where actors or props can appear and disappear.

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Fly System

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A system of rigging and pulleys that allows scenery, curtains, and sometimes actors, to be raised and lowered onto the stage.

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Cyclorama

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A large curtain or wall, often curved, at the back of the stage that can be lit to create skies, horizons, and other backgrounds.

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