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Theater Set Design Basics
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Grid
The lattice of steel beams high above the stage from which scenery, drops, and lights are hung.
Scrim
A piece of fabric used in plays which can appear opaque or transparent, depending on how it is lit.
Flats
Lightweight frames covered with cloth or other materials to create walls or scenery on stage.
Property or Prop
Objects used on stage by actors during a performance, anything that is not fixed to the scenery.
Arena Stage
A theater space where the audience surrounds the stage area on all sides, commonly referred to as 'theater-in-the-round'.
Gobo
A stencil or template placed inside or in front of a light source to create a shaped shadow or pattern of light.
Green Room
A room in a theater where actors can relax before and after performances or between scenes when not required on stage.
Backdrop
A painted cloth or set piece hung at the back of a stage to represent the setting of the play.
Legs
Narrow vertical stage drapes used to mask the wings on either side of the stage.
Proscenium Arch
A type of stage configuration in a theater where the audience faces one side of the stage directly, often defined by a large arch, the proscenium.
Stage Left/Stage Right
Perspective terms used by performers and directors based on the actor’s point of view facing the audience, with 'stage left' being the left side, and 'stage right' the right side.
Thrust Stage
A stage that extends into the audience on three sides and is connected to the backstage area by its upstage end.
Wings
The areas that are part of a stage deck but offstage (left and right stage). The wings are used by performers and stagehands to wait out of sight before making their entrance.
Fly Loft
The space above the stage where sets, drops, and lights are suspended when not in use.
Apron
The part of the stage that extends past the proscenium arch towards the audience.
Rake
A stage that is slanted so that as an actor moves away from the audience, they get higher off the ground.
Black Box Theater
A simple performance space, typically a square room with black walls and a flat floor, that is flexible and can be arranged in various seating configurations.
Trap
A hidden opening in the stage floor where actors or props can appear and disappear.
Fly System
A system of rigging and pulleys that allows scenery, curtains, and sometimes actors, to be raised and lowered onto the stage.
Cyclorama
A large curtain or wall, often curved, at the back of the stage that can be lit to create skies, horizons, and other backgrounds.
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