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Known works: 'The Persians', 'Seven Against Thebes', 'The Oresteia'. Contribution to theater: Introduced the second actor on stage, effectively inventing dialogue.

Known works: 'Lysistrata', 'The Clouds', 'The Frogs'. Contribution to theater: Known for his work in comedy rather than tragedy; his plays are an example of ancient Greek Old Comedy.

Known works: 'Oedipus Rex', 'Antigone', 'Electra'. Contribution to theater: Added a third actor, increased chorus size, and introduced painted scenery.

Known works: 'Medea', 'The Bacchae', 'Hippolytus'. Contribution to theater: Portrayed mythical heroes as ordinary humans with flaws, thus making his work more realistic.

Known works: 'The Phoenician Women', 'The Fall of Miletus' (both mostly lost). Contribution to theater: Among the earliest tragic poets, he is said to have introduced more elaborate costumes to the stage.

Known works: 'The Grouch', 'The Girl from Samos', 'The Hero'. Contribution to theater: Pioneered New Comedy in ancient Greece, focusing on domestic and private life.

Known works: 'The Flower', (only fragments survive). Contribution to theater: One of the first to write choral odes unrelated to the main subject of the play.