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Ritual performances and religious ceremonies played a key role in theater, with no known surviving texts.

Spanish and Portuguese influences introduced European theater styles, with significant plays including 'autos sacramentales' and works by Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz.

Surge in literary and theatrical creativity during the mid-20th century, with key figures like Griselda Gambaro and her play 'The Walls'.

Originated in the 1960s Chicano Civil Rights Movement, it reflects the lives of Mexican American farm workers with plays like 'Los Vendidos' by Luis Valdez.

Contemporary movement focusing on new playwriting with figures like Sabina Berman and her play 'Entre Villa y Una Mujer Desnuda'.

Incorporates rich oral traditions and African influences, with playwrights like Derek Walcott and his play 'Dream on Monkey Mountain'.

Mid-20th century movement rejecting commercial theater, with key playwrights like Jorge Diaz and his plays on human rights.

Focused on social and political activism, with 'Forum Theater' techniques pioneered by Augusto Boal.

Mixed European traditions with local culture, producing significant playwrights like Nelson Rodrigues and his play 'The Wedding Dress'.