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Charles Sanders Peirce's Semiotics
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Sign
A sign is something which stands to somebody for something in some respect or capacity.
Representamen
The physical form of the sign; it is the perceivable aspect that signifies something.
Object
That which a sign refers to; the sign's referent in the world, whether abstract or concrete.
Interpretant
The concept or meaning the sign produces in the mind of the interpreter.
Icon
A sign that represents its object by resemblance or similarity.
Index
A sign that is connected to its object by actual association or causality.
Symbol
A sign that represents its object by virtue of a law or convention, typically linguistic.
Semeiotic
The study of signs and sign-using behavior; also called semiotics or semiology.
Firstness
A category of phenomenology representing qualities or possibilities, without reference to anything else.
Secondness
A category of phenomenology representing reaction or opposition, indicative of actuality.
Thirdness
A category of phenomenology representing mediation, growth, and generality.
Phenomenology (Category Theory)
The philosophical study of the structures of experience and consciousness as described by Peirce.
Pragmatic Maxim
Consider what effects, that might conceivably have practical bearings, we conceive the object of our conception to have; then, our conception of these effects is the whole of our conception of the object.
Fallibilism
The philosophical doctrine that all claims of knowledge could, in principle, be mistaken.
Abduction
A form of logical inference which starts from an observation then seeks to find the simplest and most likely explanation.
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