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Contemporary Pragmatism

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W.V.O. Quine

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Rejected the analytic-synthetic distinction and promoted naturalism, affecting both epistemology and pragmatism.

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Ruth Anna Putnam

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Worked within ethical philosophy and pragmatism to promote moral objectivity without absolutism.

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William James

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Philosophy should be a method for solving problems, with truth understood in terms of usefulness to the thinker.

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Jurgen Habermas

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Not a pragmatist by tradition, but his work on communicative action and rationality aligns with pragmatic themes, emphasizing consensus and societal discourse.

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Richard J. Bernstein

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Promotes the pragmatic and dialogical approach in philosophy, attempting to synthesize multiple philosophical traditions.

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Charles Sanders Peirce

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Proposed that the meaning of an idea or a proposition lies in its observable practical consequences.

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Richard Rorty

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Argued against traditional philosophy's preoccupation with truth and representation, advocating for a more democratic and pluralistic approach.

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Hilary Putnam

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Combined pragmatism with analytical philosophy, questioning the fact-value dichotomy and promoting internal realism.

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Cornel West

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Integrates pragmatist philosophy with leftist thought, emphasizing cultural criticism and social engagement.

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Jane Addams

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Applied pragmatist ideas to social reform, emphasizing experiential learning and social work.

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Clarence Irving Lewis

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Developed 'conceptual pragmatism', emphasizing a priori knowledge and the analytic-synthetic distinction.

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John Dewey

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Emphasized education and democracy; believed in learning through doing and the importance of practical thinking.

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Susan Haack

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Advocates for 'foundherentism', blending foundationalism and coherentism in a pragmatic way; criticizes both scientism and postmodernism.

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Robert Nozick

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Although not typically classified as a pragmatist, some interpretations suggest his latter-day explorations reflect a form of pragmatic pluralism.

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Robert Brandom

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Developed inferentialism, emphasizing the role of social practices in the creation of knowledge.

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