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A situation in game theory where no player can benefit by changing their strategy if the other players keep theirs unchanged. Its evolutionary importance lies in the stability of strategies in populations over time.

A strategy that, if adopted by a population, cannot be invaded by any alternative strategy. ESS is crucial in understanding how behaviors are conserved over generations.

A standard example of a game analyzed in game theory that shows why two rational individuals might not cooperate, even if it appears that it is in their best interest to do so. It's important for understanding the evolution of cooperation and altruism.

A situation in which one participant's gain or loss is exactly balanced by the losses or gains of the other participants. In evolution, it relates to the competitive nature of survival and reproductive success.

A model of aggression and conflict in game theory that can explain the emergence of different types of strategies like war and peace. Evolutionarily, it shows how aggressive and peaceful strategies balance out in populations.

A game with multiple pure strategy Nash Equilibria in which players choose the same or corresponding strategies. It illustrates the importance of conventions and coordination among individuals within a species.

This game involves players deciding whether to contribute to a public good, reflecting on the tension between individual interests and the common good. It is pivotal in understanding the evolution of cooperative behavior in social species.

A model of strategy evolution in populations where successful strategies spread. It is important because it helps to explain how populations evolve over time through natural selection.

A state where it is impossible to make any one individual better off without making at least one individual worse off. It conveys the idea that not all advantageous adaptations can happen if they harm another individual's fitness.

A game that highlights the conflict between male and female reproductive strategies and preferences. It's significant because it provides insight into how sexual selection can lead to the evolution of different mating behaviors.

Games where players send signals to each other and decide actions based on the signals received, explaining the evolution of communication methods and honesty in signaling.

A situation in which individuals acting in their own self-interest deplete common resources, jeopardizing the group's long-term wellbeing. Evolutionarily, it explains how selfish behavior can be detrimental to the whole population.

In cases of multiple equilibria, risk dominance refers to the strategy that is more likely to be chosen due to higher payoff in the least favorable outcome. It highlights the evolution of risk-averse strategies.

An interaction between two species that is beneficial to both. In game theory, it reflects strategies where cooperation leads to mutual benefits and explains the evolution of symbiotic relationships.

A strategy in repeated games that starts cooperatively and then mimics the previous move of the opponent. This strategy has been important in the evolution of reciprocal altruism.

A Nash Equilibrium where players randomize over possible moves due to none being better than another. Evolutionary importance includes the balance of various strategies within a population when no pure strategy is dominant.

A process of natural selection where groups of individuals may be selected rather than individuals, promoting traits beneficial to the group. It helps to explain the evolution of traits such as altruism.

A form of natural selection that favors the reproductive success of an organism's relatives, even at a cost to the organism's own survival. It's crucial for understanding the evolution of social behaviors such as altruism and inclusive fitness.

A table that represents the payoffs for each player in a strategic game, depending on the strategies chosen. It illustrates the possible outcomes of interactions and aids in predicting the evolution of behaviors within a population.