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Economic Systems
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Informal Economy
Part of the economy that is neither taxed nor monitored by any form of government, often cash-based and includes unregistered employment. Prevalent worldwide, especially in developing countries.
Planned Economy
An economic system in which the government or central authority makes all decisions regarding production and consumption of goods and services. Countries: North Korea.
Green Economy
An economic development model that is based on sustainable development and a knowledge of ecological economics. Examples: Scandinavia and other countries implementing eco-friendly policies.
Mixed Economy
An economic system combining elements of capitalism and socialism, where both market forces and state intervention coexist. Countries: France, Sweden, United Kingdom.
Communism
A classless, stateless society where all property is publicly owned, and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs. Countries: Historically Soviet Union, currently no pure example.
Socialism
An economic system where the means of production are either state-owned or commonly owned and controlled cooperatively; distribution is made to everyone's benefit. Countries: Cuba, Vietnam.
Capitalism
An economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership of capital goods and market-determined prices. Countries: United States, Canada, Germany.
Feudalism
A medieval economic system based on land ownership and a hierarchy of power, including lords, vassals, and serfs. No present-day countries; historical example: Medieval Europe.
Traditional Economy
An economic system based on customs, history, and time-honored beliefs, where resource distribution is based on inheritance. Present in some rural regions and tribal communities.
Mercantilism
An economic theory that trade generates wealth and is stimulated by the accumulation of profitable balances, encouraging governmental regulation. Historical period: 16th to 18th century Europe.
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