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Sustainable Pest Control in Aquaculture
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Environmental Enrichment
Mode of action: Enhances the physical, chemical, and biological complexity of the habitat. Benefits: Discourages pest colonization, supports natural predator habitats, and improves overall water quality.
Mechanical and Physical Barriers
Mode of action: Uses screens, nets or other physical methods to prevent pests from entering the aquaculture system. Benefits: No chemical pollutants introduced, can be reused, and excludes a wide range of pests.
Genetic Pest Management
Mode of action: Employs genetically improved strains that are resistant or less susceptible to pests. Benefits: Decreases the need for chemical treatments, safeguards genetic diversity, and improves overall stock health.
Botanical Extracts and Biopesticides
Mode of action: Uses plant-based extracts and microorganisms to target pests. Benefits: Minimally toxic to non-target species, biodegradable, and reduces chemical residue in water.
Water Quality Management
Mode of action: Maintains optimal parameters such as pH, temperature, and oxygen concentration to reduce pest stress on farmed species. Benefits: Promotes the health of aquatic organisms and can indirectly manage pest populations.
Crop Rotation and Polyculture Systems
Mode of action: Alternating species or culturing multiple species together reduces the persistence of pests. Benefits: Interrupts pest life cycles, increases system resilience, and enhances biodiversity.
Biological Control Agents
Mode of action: Introduces or enhances populations of natural predators or parasites. Benefits: Reduces chemical use, helps maintain ecological balance, and promotes biodiversity.
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