Discover published sets by community

Orchid mycorrhizae are a partnership between fungi and orchids. The fungi assist in the germination of orchid seeds by providing necessary nutrients. In mature plants, they help in the absorption of organic nitrogen and phosphorus from the soil.

This association is specific to plants in the Ericaceae family, including heathers and blueberries. The fungi penetrate root epidermal cells, facilitating improved nutrient uptake from organic matter, which is important in nutrient-poor soils like acidic peatlands.

These mycorrhizae are found in plants without chlorophyll, such as Indian Pipe. The fungi provide organic carbon to the plant, which the plant is unable to produce due to lack of photosynthesis, thereby playing a critical role in the survival of these unique plants.

Ectomycorrhizae form sheaths around roots and penetrate between root cells but do not penetrate the cells themselves. This symbiosis is common in forest trees like pines and oaks. It enhances nutrient uptake, particularly nitrogen, and protects against pathogens and toxic metals.

These fungi display characteristics of both AMF and EMF, penetrating some root cells while forming a mantle around the root. They are less common but can be found in tree species such as pine. They aid in nutrient and water uptake, and may help with heavy metal tolerance.